• A lot of your code does cat $1 | grep Telegram | sed -e 's/"/ /g', which can be simplified to sed '/Telegram/!d; s/"/ /g' "$1", so you may want to save the result somewhere and extract from it when needed.

• awk '{ print $9 }' | cut -c27-30 can be combined into awk '{print substr($9, 27, 4)}'.

• In the command substitution that gets assigned to b, you have sed -e 's/;/ /g' | sed -e 's/=/ /g' which should really just be sed -e 's/;/ /g' -e 's/=/ /g' or even better just sed 's/[;=]/ /g'. You don't need the -e option if you're not combining expressions.

• kk=`wc -l trdata | awk '{ print $1 }'` : not sure why kk=`wc -l trdata` can't do the job.

• cat grhostfinal | cut -c1-4 > grhostfinal1 is not as efficient as cut -c1-4 < grhostfinal > grhostfinal1

•    sqlite3 test2.sqlite "select fecha from testxml4;" > data.csv
  
     cat data.csv | sort | uniq > data2.csv
  

You should wrap your cleanup command in a trap and put it at the beginning of the script so that it will always be executed unless the program is terminated by a SIGKILL:

trap 'rm -f \
rs{host,cname,ctype} \
ttstamp tservice tformat trdata{,2,3,4} \
grhost{,2,final{,{1..4}}} \
data{,2}.csv conjunto.csv \
{a..c} quitar' 'EXIT'

Please don't rm -r if you're not deleting directories. This is a dangerous command if you're not careful. I used brace expansion to shorten the list of input files I need to type, but I'm not sure if you really need to create that many temporary files. I can probably offer more suggestions if I could try out the script. I'll add to this answer if I think of anything, but this should be enough for now.

• A lot of your code does cat $1 | grep Telegram | sed -e 's/"/ /g', which can be simplified to sed '/Telegram/!d; s/"/ /g' "$1", so you may want to save the result somewhere and extract from it when needed.

• awk '{ print $9 }' | cut -c27-30 can be combined into awk '{print substr($9, 27, 4)}'.

• In the command substitution that gets assigned to b, you have sed -e 's/;/ /g' | sed -e 's/=/ /g' which should really just be sed -e 's/;/ /g' -e 's/=/ /g' or even better just sed 's/[;=]/ /g'. You don't need the -e option if you're not combining expressions.

• kk=`wc -l trdata | awk '{ print $1 }'` : kk=`wc -l < trdata` can do the job just fine.

• cat grhostfinal | cut -c1-4 > grhostfinal1 is not as efficient as cut -c1-4 < grhostfinal > grhostfinal1

•    sqlite3 test2.sqlite "select fecha from testxml4;" > data.csv
  
     cat data.csv | sort | uniq > data2.csv
  

• You should wrap your cleanup command in a trap and put it at the beginning of the script so that it will always be executed unless the program is terminated by a SIGKILL:

    trap 'rm -f \
    rs{host,cname,ctype} \
    ttstamp tservice tformat trdata{,2,3,4} \
    grhost{,2,final{,{1..4}}} \
    data{,2}.csv conjunto.csv \
    {a..c} quitar' \
    'EXIT'
  

• Please don't rm -r if you're not deleting directories. This is a dangerous command if you're not careful. I used brace expansion to shorten the list of input files I need to type, but I'm not sure if you really need to create that many temporary files.

• You don't need to touch the files. Redirection will create the files if they don't exist.

I can probably offer more suggestions if I could try out the script. I'll add to this answer if I think of anything, but this should be enough for now.