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I'm new to Rails. Everything was OK till I change my Gemfile to be able to use heroku. I have pg in my Gemfile but I still get this error while running bundle exec rake test

I cannot use rails console either.

    rake aborted!
Gem::LoadError: Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add `gem 'pg'` to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord).
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:177:in `rescue in spec'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:174:in `spec'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:120:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:45:in `block in run_load_hooks'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:44:in `each'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:44:in `run_load_hooks'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/base.rb:316:in `<module:ActiveRecord>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/base.rb:26:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:411:in `maintain_test_schema!'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_help.rb:19:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/test_helper.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:1:in `require'
/home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (3 levels) in define'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `each'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (2 levels) in define'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `each'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `block in define'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:20:in `invoke_rake_task'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/testing.rake:8:in `block in <top (required)>'
Gem::LoadError: pg is not part of the bundle. Add it to Gemfile.
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/bundler-1.8.5/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:261:in `block in replace_gem'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:16:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:175:in `spec'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:120:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:45:in `block in run_load_hooks'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:44:in `each'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:44:in `run_load_hooks'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/base.rb:316:in `<module:ActiveRecord>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/base.rb:26:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:411:in `maintain_test_schema!'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_help.rb:19:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/test_helper.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:1:in `require'
/home/rihanna/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `require'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (3 levels) in define'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `each'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (2 levels) in define'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `each'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `block in define'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:20:in `invoke_rake_task'
/home/rihanna/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/testing.rake:8:in `block in <top (required)>'
Tasks: TOP => test:run

and this is my Gemfile:

source 'https://rubygems.org'


# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '4.2.0'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record

#gem 'pg'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0'
# See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby

# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'
# Turbolinks makes following links in your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/rails/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
# bundle exec rake doc:rails generates the API under doc/api.
gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0', group: :doc

# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'

# Use Unicorn as the app server
# gem 'unicorn'

# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development

group :development, :test do
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug'
  gem 'sqlite3'
  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> in views
  gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'

  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
end


group :production do
  gem 'pg',             '0.18.1'
  gem 'rails_12factor', '0.0.2'

end
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2 Answers 2

Reset to default
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Please replace the below

group :development, :test do
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug'
  gem 'sqlite3'
  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> in views
  gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'

  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
end

by this

group :development, :test do
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug'
  gem 'pg'
  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> in views
  gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'

  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
end

For development and test you need gem pg for postgresql adapter instead of gem sqlit3

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3 Comments

I got this error after running bundle update: You cannot specify the same gem twice with different version requirements. You specified: pg (>= 0) and pg (= 0.18.1) So I add gem 'pg', '0.18.1' instead of pg. But now I get this error: Your Gemfile lists the gem pg (= 0.18.1) more than once. You should probably keep only one of them. While it's not a problem now, it could cause errors if you change the version of just one of them later.
Isn't this the other way around? You need gem pg for production and gem sqlit3 for development.
Hanna did you solve it? I had the same problem and I solved just specifying the pg version into the gemfile. I also had to delete gemfile.lock and run a bundle update before everything start working. By the way, you DO NOT need pg for dev and testing, and use it in production only is completely fine.
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similar problems, despite Gemfile being correct (pg in produciton, and sqlite in dev, database.yml had postgresql). bundle refused to pickup pg gem.

i was scripting the creation of heroku instance, so all this was on the cli

My solution

  • explicitly add postgress add-on (heroku addons:create heroku-postgresql:hobby-dev --app <myappname>). this seems to force it to create DATABASE_URL early enough (Created postgresql-xxxxxxx-9999 as DATABASE_URL). at which point bundle seemed to work.

  • something else I considered / tried and have kept for each environment creation, is to make sure you force variables to be set ASAP in the process heroku config:set --app <mayappname> RAILS_ENV=production

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