Spring Localization without passing language in query string

Question

I am working on one web app project which supports multiple languages.

I am using Spring framework. Spring has option to support multiple language by adding the following beans in dispatcher servlet.

<bean id="localeResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver">
        <property name="defaultLocale" value="en" />
    </bean>

    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**" />
            <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor">
                <property name="paramName" value="language" />
            </bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

    <!-- Register the messages.properties -->
    <bean id="messageSource"
        class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <property name="basename" value="classpath:messages" />
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
    </bean>

The localization works only if I pass language parameter in every URL.

Is there any option to set locale based on the client's browser language?

Replace SessionLocaleResolver with AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver and remove the LocaleChangeInterceptor (as you won't be able to change it then). It would also work if you remove the defaultLocale property from the SessionLocaleResolver because when not set it will use the one received from the browser. — M. Deinum
– M. Deinum, Commented Dec 8, 2016 at 7:29

manish · Accepted Answer · 2016-12-09 03:23:24Z

Websites implement localization in one of two ways. The first approach involves automatically detecting the user locale by examining HTTP request headers (Accept-Language header in particular) and localizing site content for the user locale (if supported).

Spring MVC uses this approach by default. It uses the HttpServletRequest.getLocale method to determine the client locale and then loads localized messages from message sources. Note that the getLocale method returns a single Locale object whereas the Accept-Language header passed by the client could contain multiple languages (for example, Accept-Language: en-US, en-GB, en). In such cases, the getLocale method returns the Locale for the first matching language (en-US in the example above).

Therefore, if you wish your Spring MVC application to automatically detect the client locale and serve localized content, simply declare a ResourceBundleMessageSource bean in the application context. No other configuration is required.

See my sample application that demonstrates this approach. Use a browser extension such as Postman for Chrome to manipulate the value of the Accept-Language header. The sample supports English, French, German and Spanish so passing en-US, fr-FR, de-DE and es-ES will show localized messages in each of these languages respectively.

The second approach used by websites is to always display content in a default language first and then allowing the user to change the locale (using a dropdown or links in the site header or footer). In such cases, the users may choose locales that are not consistent with the Accept-Language header sent by their browser. For example, the Accept-Language header may contain fr-CH while the user may select de-DE as the locale.

It is in such scenarios that LocaleChangeInterceptor and SessionLocaleResolver are required to use the user selection instead of the request headers. These components can intercept the user choice and save it temporarily for the duration of the session to localize the site content correctly.

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