Accessing a variable outside conditions in python

Question

I have conditions and need to define var in them and use that out of this conditions. This is my codes:

if 1 < (process_time % 60):
    final_process_time = 'process time is: ' + str(process_time) + ' sec!'
elif 1 <= (process_time % 60) < 60:
    process_time = process_time / 60
    final_process_time = 'process time is: ' + str(process_time) + ' min!'
elif 60 <= (process_time % 60):
    process_time = process_time / 3600
    final_process_time = 'process time is: ' + str(process_time) + ' hour(s)!'
print(final_process_time)

I got this error:

local variable 'final_process_time' referenced before assignment

Hints: I tested these solutions, but none of them responded:

Way 1:

set final_process_time to `global` # Error: name 'final_process_time' is not defined

Way 2:

Define final_process_time =''  Before conditions # Result: nothing set to this var

Attached : Some of you suggested that I put more of my code to fix the bug in this section. My entire codes:(of course, some absolutely unrelated items have not been added)

def excel_report(request):
    output = io.BytesIO()
    workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(output)
    ....
    TITLES_LIST = [
            ['user', 'title', 'explains', 'organization', 'post', 'time_start', 'time_end'],
            ....
    ]
    FILE_NAME = 'report-' + datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M") + '.xlsx'
    # writer = pd.ExcelWriter(FILE_NAME, engine='xlswriter')
    if request.method == 'POST':
        if 'job_record' in request.POST:
            time_start_process = time.time()
            resumes = JobRecord.objects.all().values(*(TITLES_LIST[0][0]))
            titles_list = TITLES_LIST[0][0]
            worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('Job Resume')
            worksheet.write_row('A1', titles_list, title_styles)
            for i in range(1, len(resumes) + 1):
                k = i - 1
                for j in range(len(titles_list) - 2):
                    worksheet.write(i, j, resumes[k][titles_list[j]], body_styles)
                worksheet.write(i, 5, resumes[k]['time_start'], time_style)
                worksheet.write(i, 6, resumes[k]['time_end'], time_style)
            process_time = time.time() - time_start_process
            if 1 < (process_time % 60):
                final_process_time = 'process time is: ' + str(process_time) + ' sec!'
            elif 1 <= (process_time % 60) < 60:
                process_time = process_time / 60
                final_process_time = 'process time is: ' + str(process_time) + ' min!'
            elif 60 <= (process_time % 60):
                process_time = process_time / 3600
                final_process_time = 'process time is: ' + str(process_time) + ' hour(s)!'
            worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('process sheet')

            worksheet.write('A1', 'Process Time', title_styles)
            worksheet.write('A2', final_process_time, title_styles)
            workbook.close() 
            output.seek(0)
            response = HttpResponse(output,
                                content_type='application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet')
            response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=%s' % FILE_NAME
            return response

if that piece of code is inside a function, the first thing you should do is writing global <name of the variable>. The variable, anyway, has to be defined before the function is — Gianmarco F.
– Gianmarco F., Commented May 20, 2019 at 15:10
Check the value of process_time, I'm afraid none of the conditions evaluate to True. — araraonline
– araraonline, Commented May 20, 2019 at 15:11
Unrelated, but I don't think % does what you think it does. Any number % 60 will only ever be between 0 and 59; this won't help you determine if the number is seconds, minutes or hours. — Daniel Roseman
– Daniel Roseman, Commented May 20, 2019 at 15:46

Óscar López · Accepted Answer · 2019-05-20 15:11:15Z

4

Either set final_process_time to a meaningful value before the conditions, or add an else clause where you, again, set it to a meaningful value. Don't make it global, that has nothing to do with the problem.

answered May 20, 2019 at 15:11

Óscar López

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6 Comments

rahnama7m Over a year ago

I did difine final_process_time in Way 2 but it didn't work @Óscar-lópez

Óscar López Over a year ago

And what's the error? and what value did you use to initialise the variable?

rahnama7m Over a year ago

Nothin show for me. Everythings run but worksheet didn't product. Initialise value: final_process_time='' .

Óscar López Over a year ago

Well, there you have it. Then don't initialise the variable with '', as I said in my answer, use a meaningful value. If you want something else to be displayed, then don't use ''. Besides, the variable is used to store a number, why are you assigning a string to it?. How about using 0 as an initial value?

Óscar López Over a year ago

And make extra-sure that the other conditions are actually becoming True at some point, otherwise you'll always fall trough to the else case.

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