I'm not in front of a linux system right now, but I would start by tracking down what writes /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules and use that as a template.
Specifically, every time a wifi device is plugged in, the interface name, such as wlan0, wlan1, etc. becomes fixed based on some device attribute (I presume MAC address).
You can follow the same convention to create your own udev rules for the Arduino device.
Hope this helps and good luck!