Assignment operators
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Operadores de atribuição modificar o valor do objeto.
Original:
Assignment operators modify the value of the object.
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| Operator name | Syntax | Overloadable | Prototype examples (for class T) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inside class definition | Outside class definition | |||
| basic assignment | a = b
|
Yes | T& T::operator =(const T2& b); | N/A |
| move assignment (C++11) | a = rvalue
|
Yes | T& T::operator =(T2&& b); | N/A |
| addition assignment | a += b
|
Yes | T& T::operator +=(const T2& b); | T& operator +=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| subtraction assignment | a -= b
|
Yes | T& T::operator -=(const T2& b); | T& operator -=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| multiplication assignment | a *= b
|
Yes | T& T::operator *=(const T2& b); | T& operator *=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| division assignment | a /= b
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Yes | T& T::operator /=(const T2& b); | T& operator /=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| modulo assignment | a %= b
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Yes | T& T::operator %=(const T2& b); | T& operator %=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| bitwise AND assignment | a &= b
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Yes | T& T::operator &=(const T2& b); | T& operator &=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| bitwise OR assignment | a |= b
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Yes | T& T::operator |=(const T2& b); | T& operator |=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| bitwise XOR assignment | a ^= b
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Yes | T& T::operator ^=(const T2& b); | T& operator ^=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| bitwise left shift assignment | a <<= b
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Yes | T& T::operator <<=(const T2& b); | T& operator <<=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| bitwise right shift assignment | a >>= b
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Yes | T& T::operator >>=(const T2& b); | T& operator >>=(T& a, const T2& b); |
| ||||
Índice |
[editar] Explicação
' Operador de atribuição de cópia substitui o conteúdo do
a objecto com uma cópia dos conteúdos do b (b é não modificada). Para os tipos de classe, esta é uma função de membro especial, descrita no copiar operador de atribuição.Original:
copy assignment operator replaces the contents of the object
a with a copy of the contents of b (b is no modified). For class types, this is a special member function, described in copiar operador de atribuição.The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
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' Atribuição movimento operador substitui o conteúdo do
a objecto com o conteúdo de b, evitando, se possível, a cópia (b pode ser modificado). Para os tipos de classe, esta é uma função de membro especial, descrita no mover operador de atribuição. (a partir do C++ 11) Original:
move assignment operator replaces the contents of the object
a with the contents of b, avoiding copying if possible (b may be modified). For class types, this is a special member function, described in mover operador de atribuição. (a partir do C++ 11) The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
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Para os não-classe tipos, cópia e atribuição movimento são indistinguíveis e são referidos como atribuição direta.
Original:
For non-class types, copy and move assignment are indistinguishable and are referred to as direct assignment.
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' Operadores compostos de atribuição substituir o conteúdo dos conteúdos do
a objecto com o resultado de uma operação de binário entre o valor anterior de a e o valor de b.Original:
compound assignment operators replace the contents the contents of the object
a with the result of a binary operation between the previous value of a and the value of b.The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
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[editar] Builtin atribuição direta
Para cada tipo de
T, as assinaturas de função seguintes participar na resolução de sobrecarga:Original:
For every type
T, the following function signatures participate in overload resolution:The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
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| T*& operator=(T*&, T*); |
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| T*volatile & operator=(T*volatile &, T*); |
||
Para cada enumeração ou ponteiro para
T tipo de membro, opcionalmente volátil qualificado, a assinatura da função seguinte participa de resolução de sobrecarga:Original:
For every enumeration or pointer to member type
T, optionally volatile-qualified, the following function signature participates in overload resolution:The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
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| T& operator=(T&, T ); |
||
Para cada par A1 e A2, onde A1 é um tipo de aritmética (opcionalmente volátil qualificado) e A2 é um tipo de aritmética promovido, a assinatura da função seguinte participa de resolução de sobrecarga:
Original:
For every pair A1 and A2, where A1 is an arithmetic type (optionally volatile-qualified) and A2 is a promoted arithmetic type, the following function signature participates in overload resolution:
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| A1& operator=(A1&, A2); |
||
Para expressões E1 de qualquer tipo escalar
T, as seguintes formas adicionais de expressão de atribuição builtin são permitidos:Original:
For expressions E1 of any scalar type
T, the following additional forms of the builtin assignment expression are allowed:The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
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| E1 = {} |
(a partir do C++ 11) | |
| E1 = {E2} |
(a partir do C++ 11) | |
Nota: o acima inclui todos os tipos não-classe, exceto os tipos de referência, tipos de matriz, tipos de função eo void tipo, que não são diretamente atribuíveis.
Original:
Note: the above includes all non-class types except reference types, array types, function types, and the type void, which are not directly assignable.
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O operador de atribuição direta espera um lvalue modificável como seu operando esquerdo e retorna um lvalue identificação do operando à esquerda após a modificação. Para os não-classe tipos, o operando direito é convertidos implicitamente primeiro do tipo CV-incondicional do operando à esquerda, e então o seu valor é copiado para o objeto identificado pelo operando esquerdo.
Original:
The direct assignment operator expects a modifiable lvalue as its left operand and returns an lvalue identifying the left operand after modification. For non-class types, the right operand is first convertidos implicitamente to the cv-unqualified type of the left operand, and then its value is copied into the object identified by left operand.
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Quando o operando da esquerda é um tipo de referência, o operador de atribuição se aplica ao objeto refere-to.
Original:
When the left operand is a reference type, the assignment operator applies to the referred-to object.
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Se a esquerda e os operandos certas identificar objetos sobrepostos, o comportamento é indefinido (a menos que a sobreposição é exata eo tipo é o mesmo)
Original:
If the left and the right operands identify overlapping objects, the behavior is undefined (unless the overlap is exact and the type is the same)
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Se o operando direito é um preparei-init-lista
Original:
If the right operand is a braced-init-list
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- o E1 = {} expressão é equivalente a E1 = T(), onde
Té o tipo deE1.Original:the expression E1 = {} is equivalent to E1 = T(), whereTis the type ofE1.The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. - o E1 = {E2} expressão é equivalente a E1 = T(E2), onde
Té o tipo deE1, excepto que as conversões de estreitamento implícitas são proibidos.Original:the expression E1 = {E2} is equivalent to E1 = T(E2), whereTis the type ofE1, except that narrowing implicit conversions are prohibited.The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
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Para os tipos de classes, esta sintaxe gera uma chamada para o operador de atribuição com std::initializer_list como o argumento, seguindo as regras da lista de inicialização
Original:
For class types, this syntax generates a call to the assignment operator with std::initializer_list as the argument, following the rules of lista de inicialização
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[editar] Exemplo
#include <iostream> int main() { int n = 0; // not an assignment n = 1; // direct asignment std::cout << n << ' '; n = {}; // zero-initialization, then assignment std::cout << n << ' '; n = 'a'; // integral promotion, then assignment std::cout << n << ' '; n = {'b'}; // explicit cast, then assignment std::cout << n << ' '; n = 1.0; // floating-point conversion, then assignment std::cout << n << ' '; // n = {1.0}; // compiler error (narrowing conversion) int& r = n; // not an assignment int* p; r = 2; // assignment through reference std::cout << n << ' '; p = &n; // direct assignment p = nullptr; // null-pointer conversion, then assignment }
Output:
1 0 97 98 1 2
[editar] Builtin atribuição composto
Para cada par A1 e A2, onde A1 é um tipo de aritmética (opcionalmente volátil qualificado) e A2 é um tipo de aritmética promovido, as assinaturas de função seguintes participar na resolução de sobrecarga:
Original:
For every pair A1 and A2, where A1 is an arithmetic type (optionally volatile-qualified) and A2 is a promoted arithmetic type, the following function signatures participate in overload resolution:
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| A1& operator*=(A1&, A2); |
||
| A1& operator/=(A1&, A2); |
||
| A1& operator+=(A1&, A2); |
||
| A1& operator-=(A1&, A2); |
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Para cada par I1 e I2, onde I1 é um tipo integral (opcionalmente volátil qualificado) e I2 é um tipo promovido integral, as assinaturas de função seguintes participar na resolução de sobrecarga:
Original:
For every pair I1 and I2, where I1 is an integral type (optionally volatile-qualified) and I2 is a promoted integral type, the following function signatures participate in overload resolution:
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| I1& operator%=(I1&, I2); |
||
| I1& operator<<=(I1&, I2); |
||
| I1& operator>>=(I1&, I2); |
||
| I1& operator&=(I1&, I2); |
||
| I1& operator^=(I1&, I2); |
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| I1& operator|=(I1&, I2); |
||
Para cada
T opcionalmente cv qualificado tipo de objeto, as assinaturas de função seguintes participar na resolução de sobrecarga:Original:
For every optionally cv-qualified object type
T, the following function signatures participate in overload resolution:The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate.
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| T*& operator+=(T*&, std::ptrdiff_t); |
||
| T*& operator-=(T*&, std::ptrdiff_t); |
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| T*volatile & operator+=(T*volatile &, std::ptrdiff_t); |
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| T*volatile & operator-=(T*volatile &, std::ptrdiff_t); |
||
{{{1}}}
Original:
{{{2}}}
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[editar] Exemplo
| This section is incomplete Reason: no example |
[editar] Veja também
| Common operators | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| atribuição | incrementNJdecrement | aritmética | lógico | comparação | memberNJaccess | outro |
|
a = b |
++a |
+a |
!a |
a == b |
a[b] |
a(...) |
| Special operators | ||||||
|
static_cast converte um tipo para outro
tipo compatível Original: static_cast converts one type to another compatible type The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. dynamic_cast converte classe base virtual para class
derivados Original: dynamic_cast converts virtual base class to derived class The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. const_cast converte tipo para tipo compatível com diferentes cv qualifiers
Original: The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. reinterpret_cast converte tipo de type
incompatíveis Original: reinterpret_cast converts type to incompatible type The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. new aloca memory
Original: new allocates memory The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. delete desaloca memory
Original: delete deallocates memory The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. sizeof consulta o tamanho de um type
Original: sizeof queries the size of a type The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. sizeof... consulta o tamanho de um bloco de parâmetros (a partir do C++ 11)
Original: The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. typeid consulta o tipo de informação de uma type
Original: typeid queries the type information of a type The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. noexcept verifica se uma expressão pode lançar uma (a partir do C++ 11)
exceção Original: The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. alignof consultas exigências de alinhamento de um (a partir do C++ 11) tipo
Original: alignof queries alignment requirements of a type (a partir do C++ 11) The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. | ||||||