# wxString Class Reference
[Data Structures]

`#include </home/work/projects/wx/2.9/wx/interface/wx/string.h>`

## Detailed Description

The wxString class has been completely rewritten for wxWidgets 3.0 and this change was actually the main reason for the calling that version wxWidgets 3.0.

wxString is a class representing a Unicode character string. wxString uses `std::basic_string` internally (even if `wxUSE_STL` is not defined) to store its content (unless this is not supported by the compiler or disabled specifically when building wxWidgets) and it therefore inherits many features from `std::basic_string`. (Note that most implementations of `std::basic_string` are thread-safe and don't use reference counting.)

These `std::basic_string` standard functions are only listed here, but they are not fully documented in this manual; see the STL documentation (http://www.cppreference.com/wiki/string/start) for more info. The behaviour of all these functions is identical to the behaviour described there.

You may notice that wxString sometimes has several functions which do the same thing like Length(), Len() and length() which all return the string length. In all cases of such duplication the `std::string` compatible methods should be used.

For informations about the internal encoding used by wxString and for important warnings and advices for using it, please read the wxString Overview.

Since wxWidgets 3.0 wxString always stores Unicode strings, so you should be sure to read also Unicode Support in wxWidgets.

## Index of the member groups

Links for quick access to the various categories of wxString functions:

- Constructors and assignment operators
- Length functions
- Character access functions
- Conversions functions
- Concatenation functions
- Comparison functions
- Substring extraction functions
- Case conversion functions
- Searching and replacing functions
- Conversion to numbers functions
- Formatting and printing functions
- Memory management functions
- Miscellaneous functions
- Iterator interface functions
- STL interface functions

##

Library: wxBase
Category: Data Structures

Predefined objects/pointers: wxEmptyString

See also:
  wxString Overview, Unicode Support in wxWidgets, String-related functions, wxUString, wxCharBuffer, wxUniChar, wxStringTokenizer, wxStringBuffer, wxStringBufferLength

## Public Types

Standard types
Types used with wxString.
typedef wxUniChar | value_type
typedef wxUniChar | char_type
typedef wxUniCharRef | reference
typedef wxChar * | pointer
typedef const wxChar * | const_pointer
typedef size_t | size_type
typedef wxUniChar | const_reference

## Public Member Functions

Constructors and assignment operators
A string may be constructed either from a C string, (some number of copies of) a single character or a wide (Unicode) string. For all constructors (except the default which creates an empty string) there is also a corresponding assignment operator. See also the assign() STL-like function.
| wxString ()
| Default constructor.
| wxString (const wxString &stringSrc)
| Creates a string from another string.
| wxString (wxUniChar ch, size_t nRepeat=1)
| Construct a string consisting of nRepeat copies of ch.
| wxString (wxUniCharRef ch, size_t nRepeat=1)
| Construct a string consisting of nRepeat copies of ch.
| wxString (char ch, size_t nRepeat=1)
| Construct a string consisting of nRepeat copies of ch converted to Unicode using the current locale encoding.
| wxString (wchar_t ch, size_t nRepeat=1)
| Construct a string consisting of nRepeat copies of ch.
| wxString (const char *psz)
| Constructs a string from the string literal psz using the current locale encoding to convert it to Unicode (wxConvLibc).
| wxString (const char *psz, const wxMBConv &conv)
| Constructs a string from the string literal psz using conv to convert it Unicode.
| wxString (const char *psz, size_t nLength)
| Constructs a string from the first nLength character of the string literal psz using the current locale encoding to convert it to Unicode (wxConvLibc).
| wxString (const char *psz, const wxMBConv &conv, size_t nLength)
| Constructs a string from the first nLength character of the string literal psz using conv to convert it Unicode.
| wxString (const wchar_t *pwz)
| Constructs a string from the string literal pwz.
| wxString (const wchar_t *pwz, size_t nLength)
| Constructs a string from the first nLength characters of the string literal pwz.
| wxString (const wxCharBuffer &buf)
| Constructs a string from buf using the using the current locale encoding to convert it to Unicode.
| wxString (const wxWCharBuffer &buf)
| Constructs a string from buf.
| wxString (const std::string &str)
| Constructs a string from str using the using the current locale encoding to convert it to Unicode (wxConvLibc).
| wxString (const std::wstring &str)
| Constructs a string from str.
| ~wxString ()
| String destructor.
wxString | operator= (const wxString &str)
| Assignment: see the relative wxString constructor.
wxString | operator= (wxUniChar c)
| Assignment: see the relative wxString constructor.
String length
These functions return the string length and/or check whether the string is empty. See also the length(), size() or empty() STL-like functions.
size_t | Len () const
| Returns the length of the string.
size_t | Length () const
| Returns the length of the string (same as Len).
bool | IsEmpty () const
| Returns true if the string is empty.
bool | IsNull () const
| Returns true if the string is empty (same as wxString::IsEmpty).
bool | operator! () const
| Empty string is false, so !string will only return true if the string is empty.
Character access
Many functions below take a character index in the string. As with C strings and arrays, the indices start from 0, so the first character of a string is string[0]. An attempt to access a character beyond the end of the string (which may even be 0 if the string is empty) will provoke an assert failure in debug builds, but no checks are done in release builds.
wxUniChar | GetChar (size_t n) const
| Returns the character at position n (read-only).
const wxCStrData | GetData () const
| wxWidgets compatibility conversion.
wxUniCharRef | GetWritableChar (size_t n)
| Returns a reference to the character at position n.
wxStringCharType * | GetWriteBuf (size_t len)
| Returns a writable buffer of at least len bytes.
void | UngetWriteBuf ()
| Puts the string back into a reasonable state (in which it can be used normally), after GetWriteBuf() was called.
void | UngetWriteBuf (size_t len)
| This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.
void | SetChar (size_t n, wxUniChar ch)
| Sets the character at position n.
wxUniChar | Last () const
| Returns the last character.
wxUniCharRef | Last ()
| Returns a reference to the last character (writable).
wxUniChar | operator[] (size_t i) const
| Returns the i-th character of the string.
wxUniCharRef | operator[] (size_t i)
| Returns a writable reference to the i-th character of the string.
Conversions
This section contains both implicit and explicit conversions to C style strings. Although implicit conversion is quite convenient, you are advised to use wc_str() for the sake of clarity.
wxCStrData | c_str () const
| Returns a lightweight intermediate class which is in turn implicitly convertible to both `const` `char*` and to `const` `wchar_t*`.
wxWritableCharBuffer | char_str (const wxMBConv &conv=wxConvLibc) const
| Returns an object with string data that is implicitly convertible to `char*` pointer.
template<typename T >
wxCharTypeBuffer< T > | tchar_str (size_t *len=NULL) const
| Returns buffer of the specified type containing the string data.
const wchar_t * | fn_str () const
| Returns a string representation suitable for passing to OS' functions for file handling.
const char * | fn_str () const
| This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.
const wxCharBuffer | fn_str () const
| This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.
const wxCharBuffer | mb_str (const wxMBConv &conv=wxConvLibc) const
| Returns the multibyte (C string) representation of the string using conv's wxMBConv::cWC2MB method and returns wxCharBuffer.
const wxScopedCharBuffer | utf8_str () const
| Converts the strings contents to UTF-8 and returns it either as a temporary wxCharBuffer object or as a pointer to the internal string contents in UTF-8 build.
const wchar_t * | wc_str () const
| Converts the strings contents to the wide character representation and returns it as a temporary wxWCharBuffer object (Unix and OS X) or returns a pointer to the internal string contents in wide character mode (Windows).
const wxWCharBuffer | wc_str () const
| This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.
wxWritableWCharBuffer | wchar_str () const
| Returns an object with string data that is implicitly convertible to `char*` pointer.
const wxStringCharType * | wx_str () const
| Explicit conversion to C string in the internal representation (either wchar_t* or UTF-8-encoded char*, depending on the build).
const wxScopedCharBuffer | To8BitData () const
| Converts the string to an 8-bit string in ISO-8859-1 encoding in the form of a wxCharBuffer (Unicode builds only).
const char * | ToAscii () const
| Converts the string to an ASCII, 7-bit string in the form of a wxCharBuffer (Unicode builds only) or a C string (ANSI builds).
const wxCharBuffer | ToAscii () const
| This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.
std::string | ToStdString () const
| Return the string as an std::string in current locale encoding.
std::wstring | ToStdWstring () const
| Return the string as an std::wstring.
const wxScopedCharBuffer | ToUTF8 () const
| Same as utf8_str().
Concatenation
Almost anything may be concatenated (appended to) with a string! Note that the various operator<<() overloads work as C++ stream insertion operators. They insert the given value into the string. Precision and format cannot be set using them. Use Printf() instead. See also the insert() and append() STL-like functions.
wxString & | Append (const char *psz)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | Append (const wchar_t *pwz)
| Appends the wide string literal pwz.
wxString & | Append (const char *psz, size_t nLen)
| Appends the string literal psz with max length nLen.
wxString & | Append (const wchar_t *pwz, size_t nLen)
| Appends the wide string literal psz with max length nLen.
wxString & | Append (const wxString &s)
| Appends the string s.
wxString & | Append (wxUniChar ch, size_t count=1u)
| Appends the character ch count times.
wxString & | Prepend (const wxString &str)
| Prepends str to this string, returning a reference to this string.
wxString | operator+ (const wxString &x, const wxString &y)
| Concatenation: returns a new string equal to the concatenation of the operands.
wxString | operator+ (const wxString &x, wxUniChar y)
| This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.
wxString & | operator<< (const wxString &s)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (const char *psz)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (const wchar_t *pwz)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (const wxCStrData &psz)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (char ch)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (unsigned char ch)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (wchar_t ch)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (const wxCharBuffer &s)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (const wxWCharBuffer &s)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (wxUniChar ch)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (wxUniCharRef ch)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (unsigned int ui)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (long l)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (unsigned long ul)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (wxLongLong_t ll)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (wxULongLong_t ul)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (float f)
| Appends the string literal psz.
wxString & | operator<< (double d)
| Appends the string literal psz.
void | operator+= (const wxString &str)
| Concatenation in place: the argument is appended to the string.
void | operator+= (wxUniChar c)
| This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.
Comparison

The default comparison function Cmp() is case-sensitive and so is the default version of IsSameAs().

For case insensitive comparisons you should use CmpNoCase() or give a second parameter to IsSameAs(). This last function is maybe more convenient if only equality of the strings matters because it returns a boolean true value if the strings are the same and not 0 (which is usually false in C) as Cmp() does.

Matches() is a poor man's regular expression matcher: it only understands '*' and '?' metacharacters in the sense of DOS command line interpreter.

StartsWith() is helpful when parsing a line of text which should start with some predefined prefix and is more efficient than doing direct string comparison as you would also have to precalculate the length of the prefix.

See also the compare() STL-like function.

int | Cmp (const wxString &s) const
| Case-sensitive comparison.
int | CmpNoCase (const wxString &s) const
| Case-insensitive comparison.
bool | IsSameAs (const wxString &s, bool caseSensitive=true) const
| Test whether the string is equal to another string s.
bool | IsSameAs (wxUniChar ch, bool caseSensitive=true) const
| Test whether the string is equal to the single character ch.
bool | Matches (const wxString &mask) const
| Returns true if the string contents matches a mask containing '*' and '?'.
bool | StartsWith (const wxString &prefix, wxString *rest=NULL) const
| This function can be used to test if the string starts with the specified prefix.
bool | EndsWith (const wxString &suffix, wxString *rest=NULL) const
| This function can be used to test if the string ends with the specified suffix.
Substring extraction
These functions allow you to extract a substring from the string. The original string is not modified and the function returns the extracted substring. See also the at() and the substr() STL-like functions.
wxString | Mid (size_t first, size_t nCount=wxString::npos) const
| Returns a substring starting at first, with length count, or the rest of the string if count is the default value.
wxString | SubString (size_t from, size_t to) const
| Returns the part of the string between the indices from and to inclusive.
wxString | operator() (size_t start, size_t len) const
| Same as Mid() (substring extraction).
wxString | Left (size_t count) const
| Returns the first count characters of the string.
wxString | Right (size_t count) const
| Returns the last count characters.
wxString | AfterFirst (wxUniChar ch) const
| Gets all the characters after the first occurrence of ch.
wxString | AfterLast (wxUniChar ch) const
| Gets all the characters after the last occurrence of ch.
wxString | BeforeFirst (wxUniChar ch, wxString *rest=NULL) const
| Gets all characters before the first occurrence of ch.
wxString | BeforeLast (wxUniChar ch, wxString *rest=NULL) const
| Gets all characters before the last occurrence of ch.
Case conversion
The MakeXXX() variants modify the string in place, while the other functions return a new string which contains the original text converted to the upper or lower case and leave the original string unchanged.
wxString | Capitalize () const
| Return the copy of the string with the first string character in the upper case and the subsequent ones in the lower case.
wxString | Lower () const
| Returns this string converted to the lower case.
void | LowerCase ()
| Same as MakeLower.
wxString & | MakeCapitalized ()
| Converts the first characters of the string to the upper case and all the subsequent ones to the lower case and returns the result.
wxString & | MakeLower ()
| Converts all characters to lower case and returns the reference to the modified string.
wxString & | MakeUpper ()
| Converts all characters to upper case and returns the reference to the modified string.
wxString | Upper () const
| Returns this string converted to upper case.
void | UpperCase ()
| The same as MakeUpper().
Searching and replacing
These functions replace the standard `strchr()` and `strstr()` functions. See also the find(), rfind(), replace() STL-like functions.
int | Find (wxUniChar ch, bool fromEnd=false) const
| Searches for the given character ch.
int | Find (const wxString &sub) const
| Searches for the given string sub.
int | First (wxUniChar ch) const
| Same as Find().
int | First (const wxString &str) const
| Same as Find().
size_t | Replace (const wxString &strOld, const wxString &strNew, bool replaceAll=true)
| Replace first (or all) occurrences of substring with another one.
Conversion to numbers

The string provides functions for conversion to signed and unsigned integer and floating point numbers.

All functions take a pointer to the variable to put the numeric value in and return true if the entire string could be converted to a number. Notice if there is a valid number in the beginning of the string, it is returned in the output parameter even if the function returns false because there is more text following it.

bool | ToDouble (double *val) const
| Attempts to convert the string to a floating point number.
bool | ToCDouble (double *val) const
| Variant of ToDouble() always working in "C" locale.
bool | ToLong (long *val, int base=10) const
| Attempts to convert the string to a signed integer in base base.
bool | ToCLong (long *val, int base=10) const
| Variant of ToLong() always working in "C" locale.
bool | ToLongLong (wxLongLong_t *val, int base=10) const
| This is exactly the same as ToLong() but works with 64 bit integer numbers.
bool | ToULong (unsigned long *val, int base=10) const
| Attempts to convert the string to an unsigned integer in base base.
bool | ToCULong (unsigned long *val, int base=10) const
| Variant of ToULong() always working in "C" locale.
bool | ToULongLong (wxULongLong_t *val, int base=10) const
| This is exactly the same as ToULong() but works with 64 bit integer numbers.
Formatting and printing
Both formatted versions (Printf/() and stream-like insertion operators exist (for basic types only). See also the static Format() and FormatV() functions.
int | Printf (const wxString &pszFormat,...)
| Similar to the standard function sprintf().
int | PrintfV (const wxString &pszFormat, va_list argPtr)
| Similar to vprintf.
Memory management
The following are "advanced" functions and they will be needed rarely. Alloc() and Shrink() are only interesting for optimization purposes. wxStringBuffer and wxStringBufferLength classes may be very useful when working with some external API which requires the caller to provide a writable buffer. See also the reserve() and resize() STL-like functions.
bool | Alloc (size_t nLen)
| Preallocate enough space for wxString to store nLen characters.
bool | Shrink ()
| Minimizes the string's memory.
wxString | Clone () const
| Returns a deep copy of the string.
void | Clear ()
| Empties the string and frees memory occupied by it.
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous other string functions.
bool | Contains (const wxString &str) const
| Returns true if target appears anywhere in wxString; else false.
void | Empty ()
| Makes the string empty, but doesn't free memory occupied by the string.
int | Freq (wxUniChar ch) const
| Returns the number of occurrences of ch in the string.
bool | IsAscii () const
| Returns true if the string contains only ASCII characters.
bool | IsNumber () const
| Returns true if the string is an integer (with possible sign).
bool | IsWord () const
| Returns true if the string is a word.
wxString & | Pad (size_t count, wxUniChar chPad= ' ', bool fromRight=true)
| Adds count copies of chPad to the beginning, or to the end of the string (the default).
wxString & | Remove (size_t pos)
| Removes all characters from the string starting at pos.
wxString & | Remove (size_t pos, size_t len)
| Removes len characters from the string, starting at pos.
wxString & | RemoveLast (size_t n=1)
| Removes the last character.
wxString | Strip (stripType s=trailing) const
| Strip characters at the front and/or end.
wxString & | Trim (bool fromRight=true)
| Removes white-space (space, tabs, form feed, newline and carriage return) from the left or from the right end of the string (right is default).
wxString & | Truncate (size_t len)
| Truncate the string to the given length.
Iterator interface
These methods return iterators to the beginning or end of the string. Please see any STL reference (e.g. http://www.cppreference.com/wiki/string/start) for their documentation.
const_iterator | begin () const
iterator | begin ()
const_iterator | end () const
iterator | end ()
const_reverse_iterator | rbegin () const
reverse_iterator | rbegin ()
const_reverse_iterator | rend () const
reverse_iterator | rend ()
STL interface
The supported STL functions are listed here. Please see any STL reference (e.g. http://www.cppreference.com/wiki/string/start) for their documentation.
wxString & | append (const wxString &str, size_t pos, size_t n)
wxString & | append (const wxString &str)
wxString & | append (const char *sz, size_t n)
wxString & | append (const wchar_t *sz, size_t n)
wxString & | append (size_t n, wxUniChar ch)
wxString & | append (const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
wxString & | assign (const wxString &str, size_t pos, size_t n)
wxString & | assign (const wxString &str)
wxString & | assign (const char *sz, size_t n)
wxString & | assign (const wchar_t *sz, size_t n)
wxString & | assign (size_t n, wxUniChar ch)
wxString & | assign (const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
wxUniChar | at (size_t n) const
wxUniCharRef | at (size_t n)
void | clear ()
size_type | capacity () const
int | compare (const wxString &str) const
int | compare (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const wxString &str) const
int | compare (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const wxString &str, size_t nStart2, size_t nLen2) const
int | compare (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const char *sz, size_t nCount=npos) const
int | compare (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const wchar_t *sz, size_t nCount=npos) const
wxCStrData | data () const
bool | empty () const
wxString & | erase (size_type pos=0, size_type n=npos)
iterator | erase (iterator first, iterator last)
iterator | erase (iterator first)
size_t | find (const wxString &str, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find (const char *sz, size_t nStart=0, size_t n=npos) const
size_t | find (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart=0, size_t n=npos) const
size_t | find (wxUniChar ch, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find_first_of (const char *sz, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find_first_of (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find_first_of (const char *sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
size_t | find_first_of (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
size_t | find_first_of (wxUniChar c, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find_last_of (const wxString &str, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_t | find_last_of (const char *sz, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_t | find_last_of (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_t | find_last_of (const char *sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
size_t | find_last_of (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
size_t | find_last_of (wxUniChar c, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_t | find_first_not_of (const wxString &str, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find_first_not_of (const char *sz, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find_first_not_of (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find_first_not_of (const char *sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
size_t | find_first_not_of (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
size_t | find_first_not_of (wxUniChar ch, size_t nStart=0) const
size_t | find_last_not_of (const wxString &str, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_t | find_last_not_of (const char *sz, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_t | find_last_not_of (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_t | find_last_not_of (const char *sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
size_t | find_last_not_of (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
wxString & | insert (size_t nPos, const wxString &str)
wxString & | insert (size_t nPos, const wxString &str, size_t nStart, size_t n)
wxString & | insert (size_t nPos, const char *sz, size_t n)
wxString & | insert (size_t nPos, const wchar_t *sz, size_t n)
wxString & | insert (size_t nPos, size_t n, wxUniChar ch)
iterator | insert (iterator it, wxUniChar ch)
void | insert (iterator it, const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
void | insert (iterator it, size_type n, wxUniChar ch)
size_t | length () const
size_type | max_size () const
void | reserve (size_t sz)
void | resize (size_t nSize, wxUniChar ch= '\0')
wxString & | replace (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const wxString &str)
wxString & | replace (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, size_t nCount, wxUniChar ch)
wxString & | replace (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const wxString &str, size_t nStart2, size_t nLen2)
wxString & | replace (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const char *sz, size_t nCount)
wxString & | replace (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const wchar_t *sz, size_t nCount)
wxString & | replace (size_t nStart, size_t nLen, const wxString &s, size_t nCount)
wxString & | replace (iterator first, iterator last, const wxString &s)
wxString & | replace (iterator first, iterator last, const char *s, size_type n)
wxString & | replace (iterator first, iterator last, const wchar_t *s, size_type n)
wxString & | replace (iterator first, iterator last, size_type n, wxUniChar ch)
wxString & | replace (iterator first, iterator last, const_iterator first1, const_iterator last1)
wxString & | replace (iterator first, iterator last, const char *first1, const char *last1)
wxString & | replace (iterator first, iterator last, const wchar_t *first1, const wchar_t *last1)
size_t | rfind (const wxString &str, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_t | rfind (const char *sz, size_t nStart=npos, size_t n=npos) const
size_t | rfind (const wchar_t *sz, size_t nStart=npos, size_t n=npos) const
size_t | rfind (wxUniChar ch, size_t nStart=npos) const
size_type | size () const
wxString | substr (size_t nStart=0, size_t nLen=npos) const
void | swap (wxString &str)

## Static Public Member Functions

static wxString | Format (const wxString &format,...)
| This static function returns the string containing the result of calling Printf() with the passed parameters on it.
static wxString | FormatV (const wxString &format, va_list argptr)
| This static function returns the string containing the result of calling PrintfV() with the passed parameters on it.
static wxString | FromCDouble (double val, int precision=-1)
| Returns a string with the textual representation of the number in C locale.
static wxString | FromDouble (double val, int precision=-1)
| Returns a string with the textual representation of the number.
static wxString | From8BitData (const char *buf, size_t len)
| Converts given buffer of binary data from 8-bit string to wxString.
static wxString | From8BitData (const char *buf)
| Converts given buffer of binary data from 8-bit string to wxString.
static wxString | FromAscii (const char *s)
| Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.
static wxString | FromAscii (const unsigned char *s)
| Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.
static wxString | FromAscii (const char *s, size_t len)
| Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.
static wxString | FromAscii (const unsigned char *s, size_t len)
| Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.
static wxString | FromAscii (char c)
| Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.
static wxString | FromUTF8 (const char *s)
| Converts C string encoded in UTF-8 to wxString.
static wxString | FromUTF8 (const char *s, size_t len)
| Converts C string encoded in UTF-8 to wxString.
static wxString | FromUTF8Unchecked (const char *s)
| Converts C string encoded in UTF-8 to wxString without checking its validity.
static wxString | FromUTF8Unchecked (const char *s, size_t len)
| Converts C string encoded in UTF-8 to wxString without checking its validity.

## Static Public Attributes

static const size_t | npos
| An 'invalid' value for string index.

List of all members.

## Member Typedef Documentation

typedef wxUniChar wxString::char_type

typedef const wxChar* wxString::const_pointer

typedef wxUniChar wxString::const_reference

typedef wxChar* wxString::pointer

typedef wxUniCharRef wxString::reference

typedef size_t wxString::size_type

typedef wxUniChar wxString::value_type

## Constructor & Destructor Documentation

wxString::wxString | ( |  | ) |

Default constructor.

wxString::wxString | ( | const wxString & | stringSrc | ) |

Creates a string from another string.

Just increases the ref count by 1.

wxString::wxString | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | size_t | nRepeat = `1` |
| ) |  |  |

Construct a string consisting of nRepeat copies of ch.

wxString::wxString | ( | wxUniCharRef | ch,
|  | size_t | nRepeat = `1` |
| ) |  |  |

Construct a string consisting of nRepeat copies of ch.

wxString::wxString | ( | char | ch,
|  | size_t | nRepeat = `1` |
| ) |  |  |

Construct a string consisting of nRepeat copies of ch converted to Unicode using the current locale encoding.

wxString::wxString | ( | wchar_t | ch,
|  | size_t | nRepeat = `1` |
| ) |  |  |

Construct a string consisting of nRepeat copies of ch.

wxString::wxString | ( | const char * | psz | ) |

Constructs a string from the string literal psz using the current locale encoding to convert it to Unicode (wxConvLibc).

wxString::wxString | ( | const char * | psz,
|  | const wxMBConv & | conv |
| ) |  |  |

Constructs a string from the string literal psz using conv to convert it Unicode.

wxString::wxString | ( | const char * | psz,
|  | size_t | nLength |
| ) |  |  |

Constructs a string from the first nLength character of the string literal psz using the current locale encoding to convert it to Unicode (wxConvLibc).

wxString::wxString | ( | const char * | psz,
|  | const wxMBConv & | conv,
|  | size_t | nLength |
| ) |  |  |

Constructs a string from the first nLength character of the string literal psz using conv to convert it Unicode.

wxString::wxString | ( | const wchar_t * | pwz | ) |

Constructs a string from the string literal pwz.

wxString::wxString | ( | const wchar_t * | pwz,
|  | size_t | nLength |
| ) |  |  |

Constructs a string from the first nLength characters of the string literal pwz.

wxString::wxString | ( | const wxCharBuffer & | buf | ) |

Constructs a string from buf using the using the current locale encoding to convert it to Unicode.

wxString::wxString | ( | const wxWCharBuffer & | buf | ) |

Constructs a string from buf.

wxString::wxString | ( | const std::string & | str | ) |

Constructs a string from str using the using the current locale encoding to convert it to Unicode (wxConvLibc).

See also:
  ToStdString()

wxString::wxString | ( | const std::wstring & | str | ) |

Constructs a string from str.

See also:
  ToStdWstring()

wxString::~wxString | ( |  | ) |

String destructor.

Note that this is not virtual, so wxString must not be inherited from.

## Member Function Documentation

wxString wxString::AfterFirst | ( | wxUniChar | ch | ) | const

Gets all the characters after the first occurrence of ch.

Returns the empty string if ch is not found.

wxString wxString::AfterLast | ( | wxUniChar | ch | ) | const

Gets all the characters after the last occurrence of ch.

Returns the whole string if ch is not found.

bool wxString::Alloc | ( | size_t | nLen | ) |

Preallocate enough space for wxString to store nLen characters.

Please note that this method does the same thing as the standard reserve() one and shouldn't be used in new code.

This function may be used to increase speed when the string is constructed by repeated concatenation as in

                // delete all vowels from the string
                wxString DeleteAllVowels(const wxString& original)
                {
                    wxString result;

                    size_t len = original.length();

                    result.Alloc(len);

                    for ( size_t n = 0; n < len; n++ )
                    {
                        if ( strchr("aeuio", tolower(original[n])) == NULL )
                            result += original[n];
                    }

                    return result;
                }

because it will avoid the need to reallocate string memory many times (in case of long strings). Note that it does not set the maximal length of a string -- it will still expand if more than nLen characters are stored in it. Also, it does not truncate the existing string (use Truncate() for this) even if its current length is greater than nLen.

Returns:
  true if memory was successfully allocated, false otherwise.

wxString& wxString::Append | ( | const char * | psz | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::append | ( | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | pos,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::append | ( | const wxString & | str | ) |

wxString& wxString::append | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::append | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::append | ( | size_t | n,
|  | wxUniChar | ch |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::append | ( | const_iterator | first,
|  | const_iterator | last |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::Append | ( | const wchar_t * | pwz | ) |

Appends the wide string literal pwz.

wxString& wxString::Append | ( | const char * | psz,
|  | size_t | nLen |
| ) |  |  |

Appends the string literal psz with max length nLen.

wxString& wxString::Append | ( | const wchar_t * | pwz,
|  | size_t | nLen |
| ) |  |  |

Appends the wide string literal psz with max length nLen.

wxString& wxString::Append | ( | const wxString & | s | ) |

Appends the string s.

wxString& wxString::Append | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | size_t | count = `1u` |
| ) |  |  |

Appends the character ch count times.

wxString& wxString::assign | ( | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | pos,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::assign | ( | const wxString & | str | ) |

wxString& wxString::assign | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::assign | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::assign | ( | size_t | n,
|  | wxUniChar | ch |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::assign | ( | const_iterator | first,
|  | const_iterator | last |
| ) |  |  |

wxUniChar wxString::at | ( | size_t | n | ) | const

wxUniCharRef wxString::at | ( | size_t | n | ) |

wxString wxString::BeforeFirst | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | wxString * | rest = `NULL` |
| ) |  |  | const

Gets all characters before the first occurrence of ch.

Returns the whole string if ch is not found.

Parameters:

  | ch | The character to look for.
  | rest | Filled with the part of the string following the first occurrence of ch or cleared if it was not found. The same string is returned by AfterFirst() but it is more efficient to use this output parameter if both the "before" and "after" parts are needed than calling both functions one after the other. This parameter is available in wxWidgets version 2.9.2 and later only.

Returns:
  Part of the string before the first occurrence of ch.

wxString wxString::BeforeLast | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | wxString * | rest = `NULL` |
| ) |  |  | const

Gets all characters before the last occurrence of ch.

Returns the empty string if ch is not found.

Parameters:

  | ch | The character to look for.
  | rest | Filled with the part of the string following the last occurrence of ch or the copy of this string if it was not found. The same string is returned by AfterLast() but it is more efficient to use this output parameter if both the "before" and "after" parts are needed than calling both functions one after the other. This parameter is available in wxWidgets version 2.9.2 and later only.

Returns:
  Part of the string before the last occurrence of ch.

const_iterator wxString::begin | ( |  | ) | const

iterator wxString::begin | ( |  | ) |

wxCStrData wxString::c_str | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a lightweight intermediate class which is in turn implicitly convertible to both `const` `char*` and to `const` `wchar_t*`.

Given this ambiguity it is mostly better to use wc_str(), mb_str() or utf8_str() instead.

Please see the Unicode Support in wxWidgets for more information about it.

Note that the returned value is not convertible to `char*` or `wchar_t*`, use char_str() or wchar_str() if you need to pass string value to a function expecting non-const pointer.

See also:
  wc_str(), utf8_str(), c_str(), mb_str(), fn_str()

size_type wxString::capacity | ( |  | ) | const

wxString wxString::Capitalize | ( |  | ) | const

Return the copy of the string with the first string character in the upper case and the subsequent ones in the lower case.

Since:
  2.9.0

See also:
  MakeCapitalized()

wxWritableCharBuffer wxString::char_str | ( | const wxMBConv & | conv = `wxConvLibc` | ) | const

Returns an object with string data that is implicitly convertible to `char*` pointer.

Note that any change to the returned buffer is lost and so this function is only usable for passing strings to legacy libraries that don't have const-correct API. Use wxStringBuffer if you want to modify the string.

See also:
  c_str()

void wxString::clear | ( |  | ) |

void wxString::Clear | ( |  | ) |

Empties the string and frees memory occupied by it.

See also:
  Empty()

wxString wxString::Clone | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a deep copy of the string.

That is, the returned string is guaranteed to not share data with this string when using reference-counted wxString implementation.

This method is primarily useful for passing strings between threads (because wxString is not thread-safe). Unlike creating a copy using `wxString`(c_str()), Clone() handles embedded NULs correctly.

Since:
  2.9.0

int wxString::Cmp | ( | const wxString & | s | ) | const

Case-sensitive comparison.

Returns a positive value if the string is greater than the argument, zero if it is equal to it or a negative value if it is less than the argument (same semantics as the standard `strcmp()` function).

See also:
  CmpNoCase(), IsSameAs().

int wxString::CmpNoCase | ( | const wxString & | s | ) | const

Case-insensitive comparison.

Returns a positive value if the string is greater than the argument, zero if it is equal to it or a negative value if it is less than the argument (same semantics as the standard `strcmp()` function).

See also:
  Cmp(), IsSameAs().

int wxString::compare | ( | const wxString & | str | ) | const

int wxString::compare | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const wxString & | str |
| ) |  |  | const

int wxString::compare | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | nStart2,
|  | size_t | nLen2 |
| ) |  |  | const

int wxString::compare | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nCount = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

int wxString::compare | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nCount = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

bool wxString::Contains | ( | const wxString & | str | ) | const

Returns true if target appears anywhere in wxString; else false.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

wxCStrData wxString::data | ( |  | ) | const

bool wxString::empty | ( |  | ) | const

void wxString::Empty | ( |  | ) |

Makes the string empty, but doesn't free memory occupied by the string.

See also:
  Clear().

const_iterator wxString::end | ( |  | ) | const

iterator wxString::end | ( |  | ) |

bool wxString::EndsWith | ( | const wxString & | suffix,
|  | wxString * | rest = `NULL` |
| ) |  |  | const

This function can be used to test if the string ends with the specified suffix.

If it does, the function will return true and put the beginning of the string before the suffix into rest string if it is not NULL. Otherwise, the function returns false and doesn't modify the rest.

wxString& wxString::erase | ( | size_type | pos = `0`,
|  | size_type | n = `npos` |
| ) |  |  |

iterator wxString::erase | ( | iterator | first,
|  | iterator | last |
| ) |  |  |

iterator wxString::erase | ( | iterator | first | ) |

size_t wxString::find | ( | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0`,
|  | size_t | n = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0`,
|  | size_t | n = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

int wxString::Find | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | bool | fromEnd = `false` |
| ) |  |  | const

Searches for the given character ch.

Returns the position or `wxNOT_FOUND` if not found.

int wxString::Find | ( | const wxString & | sub | ) | const

Searches for the given string sub.

Returns the starting position or `wxNOT_FOUND` if not found.

size_t wxString::find_first_not_of | ( | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_not_of | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_not_of | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_not_of | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_not_of | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_not_of | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_of | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_of | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_of | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_of | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_first_of | ( | wxUniChar | c,
|  | size_t | nStart = `0` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_not_of | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_not_of | ( | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_not_of | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_not_of | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_not_of | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_of | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_of | ( | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_of | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_of | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_of | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::find_last_of | ( | wxUniChar | c,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

int wxString::First | ( | wxUniChar | ch | ) | const

Same as Find().

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

int wxString::First | ( | const wxString & | str | ) | const

Same as Find().

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

const char* wxString::fn_str | ( |  | ) | const

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

const wchar_t* wxString::fn_str | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a string representation suitable for passing to OS' functions for file handling.

const wxCharBuffer wxString::fn_str | ( |  | ) | const

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

static wxString wxString::Format | ( | const wxString & | format,
|  |  | ... |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

This static function returns the string containing the result of calling Printf() with the passed parameters on it.

See also:
  FormatV(), Printf()

static wxString wxString::FormatV | ( | const wxString & | format,
|  | va_list | argptr |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

This static function returns the string containing the result of calling PrintfV() with the passed parameters on it.

See also:
  Format(), PrintfV()

int wxString::Freq | ( | wxUniChar | ch | ) | const

Returns the number of occurrences of ch in the string.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

static wxString wxString::From8BitData | ( | const char * | buf | ) | `[static]`

Converts given buffer of binary data from 8-bit string to wxString.

In Unicode build, the string is interpreted as being in ISO-8859-1 encoding. The version without len parameter takes NUL-terminated data.

This is a convenience method useful when storing binary data in wxString. It should be used only for that purpose and only in conjunction with To8BitData(). Use mb_str() for conversion of character data to known encoding.

Since:
  2.8.4

See also:
  wxString::To8BitData()

static wxString wxString::From8BitData | ( | const char * | buf,
|  | size_t | len |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

Converts given buffer of binary data from 8-bit string to wxString.

In Unicode build, the string is interpreted as being in ISO-8859-1 encoding. The version without len parameter takes NUL-terminated data.

This is a convenience method useful when storing binary data in wxString. It should be used only for that purpose and only in conjunction with To8BitData(). Use mb_str() for conversion of character data to known encoding.

Since:
  2.8.4

See also:
  wxString::To8BitData()

static wxString wxString::FromAscii | ( | const unsigned char * | s | ) | `[static]`

Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.

static wxString wxString::FromAscii | ( | char | c | ) | `[static]`

Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.

static wxString wxString::FromAscii | ( | const unsigned char * | s,
|  | size_t | len |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.

static wxString wxString::FromAscii | ( | const char * | s | ) | `[static]`

Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.

static wxString wxString::FromAscii | ( | const char * | s,
|  | size_t | len |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

Converts the string or character from an ASCII, 7-bit form to the native wxString representation.

static wxString wxString::FromCDouble | ( | double | val,
|  | int | precision = `-1` |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

Returns a string with the textual representation of the number in C locale.

Unlike FromDouble() the string returned by this function always uses the period character as decimal separator, independently of the current locale. Otherwise its behaviour is identical to the other function.

Since:
  2.9.1

See also:
  ToCDouble()

static wxString wxString::FromDouble | ( | double | val,
|  | int | precision = `-1` |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

Returns a string with the textual representation of the number.

For the default value of precision, this function behaves as a simple wrapper for

     wxString::Format("%g", val)

. If precision is positive (or zero), the `%`.Nf format is used with the given precision value.

Notice that the string returned by this function uses the decimal separator appropriate for the current locale, e.g. `","` and not a period in French locale. Use FromCDouble() if this is unwanted.

Parameters:

  | val | The value to format.
  | precision | The number of fractional digits to use in or -1 to use the most appropriate format. This parameter is new in wxWidgets 2.9.2.

Since:
  2.9.1

See also:
  ToDouble()

static wxString wxString::FromUTF8 | ( | const char * | s | ) | `[static]`

Converts C string encoded in UTF-8 to wxString.

If s is not a valid UTF-8 string, an empty string is returned.

Notice that when using UTF-8 wxWidgets build there is a more efficient alternative to this function called FromUTF8Unchecked() which, unlike this one, doesn't check that the input string is valid.

Since:
  2.8.4

static wxString wxString::FromUTF8 | ( | const char * | s,
|  | size_t | len |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

Converts C string encoded in UTF-8 to wxString.

If s is not a valid UTF-8 string, an empty string is returned.

Notice that when using UTF-8 wxWidgets build there is a more efficient alternative to this function called FromUTF8Unchecked() which, unlike this one, doesn't check that the input string is valid.

Since:
  2.8.4

static wxString wxString::FromUTF8Unchecked | ( | const char * | s | ) | `[static]`

Converts C string encoded in UTF-8 to wxString without checking its validity.

This method assumes that s is a valid UTF-8 sequence and doesn't do any validation (although an assert failure is triggered in debug builds if the string is invalid). Only use it if you are absolutely sure that s is a correct UTF-8 string (e.g. because it comes from another library using UTF-8) and if the performance matters, otherwise use slower (in UTF-8 build) but safer FromUTF8(). Passing a bad UTF-8 string to this function will result in creating a corrupted wxString and all the subsequent operations on it will be undefined.

Since:
  2.8.9

static wxString wxString::FromUTF8Unchecked | ( | const char * | s,
|  | size_t | len |
| ) |  |  | `[static]`

Converts C string encoded in UTF-8 to wxString without checking its validity.

This method assumes that s is a valid UTF-8 sequence and doesn't do any validation (although an assert failure is triggered in debug builds if the string is invalid). Only use it if you are absolutely sure that s is a correct UTF-8 string (e.g. because it comes from another library using UTF-8) and if the performance matters, otherwise use slower (in UTF-8 build) but safer FromUTF8(). Passing a bad UTF-8 string to this function will result in creating a corrupted wxString and all the subsequent operations on it will be undefined.

Since:
  2.8.9

wxUniChar wxString::GetChar | ( | size_t | n | ) | const

Returns the character at position n (read-only).

const wxCStrData wxString::GetData | ( |  | ) | const

wxWidgets compatibility conversion.

Same as c_str().

wxUniCharRef wxString::GetWritableChar | ( | size_t | n | ) |

Returns a reference to the character at position n.

wxStringCharType* wxString::GetWriteBuf | ( | size_t | len | ) |

Returns a writable buffer of at least len bytes.

It returns a pointer to a new memory block, and the existing data will not be copied. Call UngetWriteBuf() as soon as possible to put the string back into a reasonable state.

This method is deprecated, please use wxStringBuffer or wxStringBufferLength instead.

wxString& wxString::insert | ( | size_t | nPos,
|  | size_t | n,
|  | wxUniChar | ch |
| ) |  |  |

iterator wxString::insert | ( | iterator | it,
|  | wxUniChar | ch |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::insert | ( | size_t | nPos,
|  | const wxString & | str |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::insert | ( | size_t | nPos,
|  | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

void wxString::insert | ( | iterator | it,
|  | const_iterator | first,
|  | const_iterator | last |
| ) |  |  |

void wxString::insert | ( | iterator | it,
|  | size_type | n,
|  | wxUniChar | ch |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::insert | ( | size_t | nPos,
|  | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::insert | ( | size_t | nPos,
|  | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | n |
| ) |  |  |

bool wxString::IsAscii | ( |  | ) | const

Returns true if the string contains only ASCII characters.

See wxUniChar::IsAscii for more details.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

bool wxString::IsEmpty | ( |  | ) | const

Returns true if the string is empty.

bool wxString::IsNull | ( |  | ) | const

Returns true if the string is empty (same as wxString::IsEmpty).

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

bool wxString::IsNumber | ( |  | ) | const

Returns true if the string is an integer (with possible sign).

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

bool wxString::IsSameAs | ( | const wxString & | s,
|  | bool | caseSensitive = `true` |
| ) |  |  | const

Test whether the string is equal to another string s.

The test is case-sensitive if caseSensitive is true (default) or not if it is false.

Returns:
  true if the string is equal to the other one, false otherwise.

See also:
  Cmp(), CmpNoCase()

bool wxString::IsSameAs | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | bool | caseSensitive = `true` |
| ) |  |  | const

Test whether the string is equal to the single character ch.

The test is case-sensitive if caseSensitive is true (default) or not if it is false.

Returns:
  true if the string is equal to this character, false otherwise.

See also:
  Cmp(), CmpNoCase()

bool wxString::IsWord | ( |  | ) | const

Returns true if the string is a word.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

wxUniCharRef wxString::Last | ( |  | ) |

Returns a reference to the last character (writable).

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

wxUniChar wxString::Last | ( |  | ) | const

Returns the last character.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

wxString wxString::Left | ( | size_t | count | ) | const

Returns the first count characters of the string.

size_t wxString::Len | ( |  | ) | const

Returns the length of the string.

size_t wxString::Length | ( |  | ) | const

Returns the length of the string (same as Len).

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

size_t wxString::length | ( |  | ) | const

wxString wxString::Lower | ( |  | ) | const

Returns this string converted to the lower case.

See also:
  MakeLower()

void wxString::LowerCase | ( |  | ) |

Same as MakeLower.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

wxString& wxString::MakeCapitalized | ( |  | ) |

Converts the first characters of the string to the upper case and all the subsequent ones to the lower case and returns the result.

Since:
  2.9.0

See also:
  Capitalize()

wxString& wxString::MakeLower | ( |  | ) |

Converts all characters to lower case and returns the reference to the modified string.

See also:
  Lower()

wxString& wxString::MakeUpper | ( |  | ) |

Converts all characters to upper case and returns the reference to the modified string.

See also:
  Upper()

bool wxString::Matches | ( | const wxString & | mask | ) | const

Returns true if the string contents matches a mask containing '*' and '?'.

size_type wxString::max_size | ( |  | ) | const

const wxCharBuffer wxString::mb_str | ( | const wxMBConv & | conv = `wxConvLibc` | ) | const

Returns the multibyte (C string) representation of the string using conv's wxMBConv::cWC2MB method and returns wxCharBuffer.

See also:
  wc_str(), utf8_str(), c_str(), wxMBConv

wxString wxString::Mid | ( | size_t | first,
|  | size_t | nCount = `wxString::npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

Returns a substring starting at first, with length count, or the rest of the string if count is the default value.

bool wxString::operator! | ( |  | ) | const

Empty string is false, so !string will only return true if the string is empty.

See also:
  IsEmpty().

wxString wxString::operator() | ( | size_t | start,
|  | size_t | len |
| ) |  |  | const

Same as Mid() (substring extraction).

wxString wxString::operator+ | ( | const wxString & | x,
|  | wxUniChar | y |
| ) |  |  |

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

wxString wxString::operator+ | ( | const wxString & | x,
|  | const wxString & | y |
| ) |  |  |

Concatenation: returns a new string equal to the concatenation of the operands.

void wxString::operator+= | ( | wxUniChar | c | ) |

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

void wxString::operator+= | ( | const wxString & | str | ) |

Concatenation in place: the argument is appended to the string.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | wxUniCharRef | ch | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | wchar_t | ch | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | const char * | psz | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | wxUniChar | ch | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | unsigned int | ui | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | const wxWCharBuffer & | s | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | wxLongLong_t | ll | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | const wchar_t * | pwz | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | const wxCStrData & | psz | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | char | ch | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | unsigned char | ch | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | const wxCharBuffer & | s | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | const wxString & | s | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | long | l | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | unsigned long | ul | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | wxULongLong_t | ul | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | float | f | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString& wxString::operator<< | ( | double | d | ) |

Appends the string literal psz.

wxString wxString::operator= | ( | wxUniChar | c | ) |

Assignment: see the relative wxString constructor.

wxString wxString::operator= | ( | const wxString & | str | ) |

Assignment: see the relative wxString constructor.

wxUniChar wxString::operator[] | ( | size_t | i | ) | const

Returns the i-th character of the string.

wxUniCharRef wxString::operator[] | ( | size_t | i | ) |

Returns a writable reference to the i-th character of the string.

wxString& wxString::Pad | ( | size_t | count,
|  | wxUniChar | chPad = `' '`,
|  | bool | fromRight = `true` |
| ) |  |  |

Adds count copies of chPad to the beginning, or to the end of the string (the default).

Removes spaces from the left or from the right (default).

wxString& wxString::Prepend | ( | const wxString & | str | ) |

Prepends str to this string, returning a reference to this string.

int wxString::Printf | ( | const wxString & | pszFormat,
|  |  | ... |
| ) |  |  |

Similar to the standard function sprintf().

Returns the number of characters written, or an integer less than zero on error. Note that if `wxUSE_PRINTF_POS_PARAMS` is set to 1, then this function supports Unix98-style positional parameters:

            wxString str;

            str.Printf(wxT("%d %d %d"), 1, 2, 3);
            // str now contains "1 2 3"

            str.Printf(wxT("%2$d %3$d %1$d"), 1, 2, 3);
            // str now contains "2 3 1"

Note:
  This function will use a safe version of vsprintf() (usually called vsnprintf()) whenever available to always allocate the buffer of correct size. Unfortunately, this function is not available on all platforms and the dangerous vsprintf() will be used then which may lead to buffer overflows.

int wxString::PrintfV | ( | const wxString & | pszFormat,
|  | va_list | argPtr |
| ) |  |  |

Similar to vprintf.

Returns the number of characters written, or an integer less than zero on error.

const_reverse_iterator wxString::rbegin | ( |  | ) | const

reverse_iterator wxString::rbegin | ( |  | ) |

wxString& wxString::Remove | ( | size_t | pos,
|  | size_t | len |
| ) |  |  |

Removes len characters from the string, starting at pos.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

wxString& wxString::Remove | ( | size_t | pos | ) |

Removes all characters from the string starting at pos.

Use Truncate() as a more readable alternative.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

wxString& wxString::RemoveLast | ( | size_t | n = `1` | ) |

Removes the last character.

const_reverse_iterator wxString::rend | ( |  | ) | const

reverse_iterator wxString::rend | ( |  | ) |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nCount |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | iterator | first,
|  | iterator | last,
|  | size_type | n,
|  | wxUniChar | ch |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | iterator | first,
|  | iterator | last,
|  | const wxString & | s |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | iterator | first,
|  | iterator | last,
|  | const_iterator | first1,
|  | const_iterator | last1 |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | iterator | first,
|  | iterator | last,
|  | const char * | first1,
|  | const char * | last1 |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | iterator | first,
|  | iterator | last,
|  | const wchar_t * | s,
|  | size_type | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | iterator | first,
|  | iterator | last,
|  | const char * | s,
|  | size_type | n |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const wxString & | str |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | nStart2,
|  | size_t | nLen2 |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | iterator | first,
|  | iterator | last,
|  | const wchar_t * | first1,
|  | const wchar_t * | last1 |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const wxString & | s,
|  | size_t | nCount |
| ) |  |  |

size_t wxString::Replace | ( | const wxString & | strOld,
|  | const wxString & | strNew,
|  | bool | replaceAll = `true` |
| ) |  |  |

Replace first (or all) occurrences of substring with another one.

Parameters:

  | strOld | The string to search for replacing.
  | strNew | The substitution string.
  | replaceAll | If true a global replace will be done (default), otherwise only the first occurrence will be replaced.

Returns the number of replacements made.

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nCount |
| ) |  |  |

wxString& wxString::replace | ( | size_t | nStart,
|  | size_t | nLen,
|  | size_t | nCount,
|  | wxUniChar | ch |
| ) |  |  |

void wxString::reserve | ( | size_t | sz | ) |

void wxString::resize | ( | size_t | nSize,
|  | wxUniChar | ch = `'\0'` |
| ) |  |  |

size_t wxString::rfind | ( | wxUniChar | ch,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::rfind | ( | const char * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos`,
|  | size_t | n = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::rfind | ( | const wxString & | str,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

size_t wxString::rfind | ( | const wchar_t * | sz,
|  | size_t | nStart = `npos`,
|  | size_t | n = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

wxString wxString::Right | ( | size_t | count | ) | const

Returns the last count characters.

void wxString::SetChar | ( | size_t | n,
|  | wxUniChar | ch |
| ) |  |  |

Sets the character at position n.

bool wxString::Shrink | ( |  | ) |

Minimizes the string's memory.

This can be useful after a call to Alloc() if too much memory were preallocated.

size_type wxString::size | ( |  | ) | const

bool wxString::StartsWith | ( | const wxString & | prefix,
|  | wxString * | rest = `NULL` |
| ) |  |  | const

This function can be used to test if the string starts with the specified prefix.

If it does, the function will return true and put the rest of the string (i.e. after the prefix) into rest string if it is not NULL. Otherwise, the function returns false and doesn't modify the rest.

wxString wxString::Strip | ( | stripType | s = `trailing` | ) | const

Strip characters at the front and/or end.

This is the same as Trim() except that it doesn't change this string.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

wxString wxString::substr | ( | size_t | nStart = `0`,
|  | size_t | nLen = `npos` |
| ) |  |  | const

wxString wxString::SubString | ( | size_t | from,
|  | size_t | to |
| ) |  |  | const

Returns the part of the string between the indices from and to inclusive.

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function, use Mid() instead (but note that parameters have different meaning).

void wxString::swap | ( | wxString & | str | ) |

template<typename T >

wxCharTypeBuffer<T> wxString::tchar_str | ( | size_t * | len = `NULL` | ) | const

Returns buffer of the specified type containing the string data.

This method is only useful in template code, otherwise you should directly call mb_str() or wc_str() if you need to retrieve a narrow or wide string from this wxString. The template parameter t should be either `char` or `wchar_t`.

Notice that retrieving a char buffer in UTF-8 build will return the internal string representation in UTF-8 while in wchar_t build the char buffer will contain the conversion of the string to the encoding of the current locale (and so can fail).

Parameters:

  | len | If non-NULL, filled with the length of the returned buffer.

Returns:
  buffer containing the string contents in the specified type, notice that it may be NULL if the conversion failed (e.g. Unicode string couldn't be converted to the current encoding when T is `char`).

const wxScopedCharBuffer wxString::To8BitData | ( |  | ) | const

Converts the string to an 8-bit string in ISO-8859-1 encoding in the form of a wxCharBuffer (Unicode builds only).

This is a convenience method useful when storing binary data in wxString. It should be used only for this purpose. It is only valid to call this method on strings created using From8BitData().

Since:
  2.8.4

See also:
  wxString::From8BitData()

const char* wxString::ToAscii | ( |  | ) | const

Converts the string to an ASCII, 7-bit string in the form of a wxCharBuffer (Unicode builds only) or a C string (ANSI builds).

Note that this conversion only works if the string contains only ASCII characters. The mb_str method provides more powerful means of converting wxString to C string.

const wxCharBuffer wxString::ToAscii | ( |  | ) | const

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

bool wxString::ToCDouble | ( | double * | val | ) | const

Variant of ToDouble() always working in "C" locale.

Works like ToDouble() but unlike it this function expects the floating point number to be formatted always with the rules dictated by the "C" locale (in particular, the decimal point must be a dot), independently from the current application-wide locale (see wxLocale).

See also:
  ToDouble(), ToLong(), ToULong()

bool wxString::ToCLong | ( | long * | val,
|  | int | base = `10` |
| ) |  |  | const

Variant of ToLong() always working in "C" locale.

Works like ToLong() but unlike it this function expects the integer number to be formatted always with the rules dictated by the "C" locale, independently from the current application-wide locale (see wxLocale).

See also:
  ToDouble(), ToLong(), ToULong()

bool wxString::ToCULong | ( | unsigned long * | val,
|  | int | base = `10` |
| ) |  |  | const

Variant of ToULong() always working in "C" locale.

Works like ToULong() but unlike it this function expects the integer number to be formatted always with the rules dictated by the "C" locale, independently from the current application-wide locale (see wxLocale).

See also:
  ToDouble(), ToLong(), ToULong()

bool wxString::ToDouble | ( | double * | val | ) | const

Attempts to convert the string to a floating point number.

Returns true on success (the number is stored in the location pointed to by val) or false if the string does not represent such number (the value of val may still be modified in this case).

Note that unlike ToCDouble() this function uses a localized version of `wxStrtod()` and thus needs as decimal point (and thousands separator) the locale-specific decimal point. Thus you should use this function only when you are sure that this string contains a floating point number formatted with the rules of the locale currently in use (see wxLocale).

Also notice that even this function is locale-specific it does not support strings with thousands separators in them, even if the current locale uses digits grouping. You may use wxNumberFormatter::FromString() to parse such strings.

Please refer to the documentation of the standard function `strtod()` for more details about the supported syntax.

See also:
  ToCDouble(), ToLong(), ToULong()

bool wxString::ToLong | ( | long * | val,
|  | int | base = `10` |
| ) |  |  | const

Attempts to convert the string to a signed integer in base base.

Returns true on success in which case the number is stored in the location pointed to by val or false if the string does not represent a valid number in the given base (the value of val may still be modified in this case).

The value of base must be comprised between 2 and 36, inclusive, or be a special value 0 which means that the usual rules of `C` numbers are applied: if the number starts with `0x` it is considered to be in base 16, if it starts with `0` - in base 8 and in base 10 otherwise. Note that you may not want to specify the base 0 if you are parsing the numbers which may have leading zeroes as they can yield unexpected (to the user not familiar with C) results.

Note that unlike ToCLong() this function uses a localized version of `wxStrtol()`. Thus you should use this function only when you are sure that this string contains an integer number formatted with the rules of the locale currently in use (see wxLocale).

As with ToDouble(), this function does not support strings containing thousands separators even if the current locale uses digits grouping. You may use wxNumberFormatter::FromString() to parse such strings.

Please refer to the documentation of the standard function `strtol()` for more details about the supported syntax.

See also:
  ToCDouble(), ToDouble(), ToULong()

bool wxString::ToLongLong | ( | wxLongLong_t * | val,
|  | int | base = `10` |
| ) |  |  | const

This is exactly the same as ToLong() but works with 64 bit integer numbers.

Notice that currently it doesn't work (always returns false) if parsing of 64 bit numbers is not supported by the underlying C run-time library. Compilers with C99 support and Microsoft Visual C++ version 7 and higher do support this.

See also:
  ToLong(), ToULongLong()

std::string wxString::ToStdString | ( |  | ) | const

Return the string as an std::string in current locale encoding.

Note that if the conversion of (Unicode) string contents to the current locale fails, the return string will be empty. Be sure to check for this to avoid silent data loss.

Instead of using this function it's also possible to write

            std::string s;
            wxString wxs;
            ...
            s = std::string(wxs);

but using ToStdString() may make the code more clear.

Since:
  2.9.1

std::wstring wxString::ToStdWstring | ( |  | ) | const

Return the string as an std::wstring.

Unlike ToStdString(), there is no danger of data loss when using this function.

Since:
  2.9.1

bool wxString::ToULong | ( | unsigned long * | val,
|  | int | base = `10` |
| ) |  |  | const

Attempts to convert the string to an unsigned integer in base base.

Returns true on success in which case the number is stored in the location pointed to by val or false if the string does not represent a valid number in the given base (the value of val may still be modified in this case).

Please notice that this function behaves in the same way as the standard `strtoul()` and so it simply converts negative numbers to unsigned representation instead of rejecting them (e.g. -1 is returned as `ULONG_MAX`).

See ToLong() for the more detailed description of the base parameter (and of the locale-specific behaviour of this function).

See also:
  ToCULong(), ToDouble(), ToLong()

bool wxString::ToULongLong | ( | wxULongLong_t * | val,
|  | int | base = `10` |
| ) |  |  | const

This is exactly the same as ToULong() but works with 64 bit integer numbers.

Please see ToLongLong() for additional remarks.

const wxScopedCharBuffer wxString::ToUTF8 | ( |  | ) | const

Same as utf8_str().

wxString& wxString::Trim | ( | bool | fromRight = `true` | ) |

Removes white-space (space, tabs, form feed, newline and carriage return) from the left or from the right end of the string (right is default).

wxString& wxString::Truncate | ( | size_t | len | ) |

Truncate the string to the given length.

void wxString::UngetWriteBuf | ( |  | ) |

Puts the string back into a reasonable state (in which it can be used normally), after GetWriteBuf() was called.

The version of the function without the len parameter will calculate the new string length itself assuming that the string is terminated by the first `NUL` character in it while the second one will use the specified length and thus is the only version which should be used with the strings with embedded `NULs` (it is also slightly more efficient as `strlen()` doesn't have to be called).

This method is deprecated, please use wxStringBuffer or wxStringBufferLength instead.

void wxString::UngetWriteBuf | ( | size_t | len | ) |

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

wxString wxString::Upper | ( |  | ) | const

Returns this string converted to upper case.

See also:
  MakeUpper()

void wxString::UpperCase | ( |  | ) |

The same as MakeUpper().

This is a wxWidgets 1.xx compatibility function; you should not use it in new code.

const wxScopedCharBuffer wxString::utf8_str | ( |  | ) | const

Converts the strings contents to UTF-8 and returns it either as a temporary wxCharBuffer object or as a pointer to the internal string contents in UTF-8 build.

See also:
  wc_str(), c_str(), mb_str()

const wxWCharBuffer wxString::wc_str | ( |  | ) | const

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

const wchar_t* wxString::wc_str | ( |  | ) | const

Converts the strings contents to the wide character representation and returns it as a temporary wxWCharBuffer object (Unix and OS X) or returns a pointer to the internal string contents in wide character mode (Windows).

The macro wxWX2WCbuf is defined as the correct return type (without const).

See also:
  utf8_str(), c_str(), mb_str(), fn_str(), wchar_str()

wxWritableWCharBuffer wxString::wchar_str | ( |  | ) | const

Returns an object with string data that is implicitly convertible to `char*` pointer.

Note that changes to the returned buffer may or may not be lost (depending on the build) and so this function is only usable for passing strings to legacy libraries that don't have const-correct API. Use wxStringBuffer if you want to modify the string.

See also:
  mb_str(), wc_str(), fn_str(), c_str(), char_str()

const wxStringCharType* wxString::wx_str | ( |  | ) | const

Explicit conversion to C string in the internal representation (either wchar_t* or UTF-8-encoded char*, depending on the build).

## Member Data Documentation

const size_t wxString::npos`[static]`

An 'invalid' value for string index.

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