How can I display an image in Python 3 using tkinter/ttk?

Question

The nub of the matter is, what am I doing wrong in the following code snippet?

    from tkinter import *
    from tkinter.ttk import *

    root = Tk()

    myButton = Button(root)
    myImage = PhotoImage(myButton, file='myPicture.gif')
    myButton.image = myImage
    myButton.configure(image=myImage)

    root.mainloop()

The error message I get from idle3 is as follows:

    >>> 
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/home/bob/Documents/Python/tkImageTest.py", line 9, in <module>
        myButton.configure(image=myImage)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.2/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1196, in configure
        return self._configure('configure', cnf, kw)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.2/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1187, in _configure
        self.tk.call(_flatten((self._w, cmd)) + self._options(cnf))
    TypeError: __str__ returned non-string (type Button)
    >>>

This error message has me stumped, I simply don't understand what it is trying to say. Any ideas?

I would also appreciate suggestions for changes...

BTW I have already checked this reference effbot.org/tkinterbook/photoimage.htm - you will see my code snippet looks very similar! — Bobble
– Bobble, Commented Jul 22, 2012 at 7:24
The error seems to point to the myButton argument passed to PhotoImage(). I don't believe that PhotoImage() takes a reference to a widget object, so this may be causing the error. Try that line without it, such as myImage = PhotoImage(file='myPicture.gif') — gary
– gary, Commented Jul 22, 2012 at 18:32
@Gary, that seems to do it. I was misled by some of the documentation (and some other errors I had generated) to thinking the PhotoImage needs an explicit reference to the root window. After some more fiddling I found the reference to either the root or the button itself can be provided by another configuration option on the PhotoImage constructor like this, PhotoImage(master=myButton, file='myFile.gif'), but the way I have written it, it looks to Tkinter like a name, which is supposed to be a string, ofc. — Bobble
– Bobble, Commented Jul 23, 2012 at 3:09
Got it. Turned my comment into an answer and added some other useful info. — gary
– gary, Commented Jul 23, 2012 at 13:08
See the code given in stackoverflow.com/questions/9142509/… — Harshan Gowda
– Harshan Gowda, Commented Mar 9, 2017 at 18:35

gary · Accepted Answer · 2012-07-23 13:13:15Z

7

The error seems to point to the myButton argument passed to PhotoImage. As you noted in your comment, PhotoImage was treating the widget object as a string (there are several options of type string; see a list of PhotoImage options here).

Your code will work if you implement that line without referencing the myButton object:

myImage = PhotoImage(file='myPicture.gif')

I'm not certain you need to alter the PhotoImage constructor. Look at the PhotoImage docs to determine the valid options (i.e. resource names) for that class. Quoting the help file:

Help on class PhotoImage in module tkinter:

class PhotoImage(Image)

| Widget which can display colored images in GIF, PPM/PGM format.
|    
|  Method resolution order:  
|      PhotoImage  
|      Image  
|      builtins.object  
|    
|  Methods defined here:
|    
|  __getitem__(self, key)  
|      # XXX config  
|    
|  __init__(self, name=None, cnf={}, master=None, **kw)  
|      Create an image with NAME.
|
|      Valid resource names: data, format, file, gamma, height, palette, 
|      width.

FYI: The easiest way to get to the docs from Python at the command line or from IDLE:

from tkinter import PhotoImage
help(PhotoImage)

And lastly, another useful link about this class is at http://tkinter.unpythonic.net/wiki/PhotoImage.

edited Jul 23, 2012 at 13:13

answered Jul 22, 2012 at 18:17

gary

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2 Comments

Bobble Over a year ago

Many thanks Gary! You are right about the 'master' reference, too. That was a hang-over from some experiments I was doing with multiple threads (best not to ask!).

gary Over a year ago

@Bobble BTW, if this answered the question, please mark it as the accepted answer (this looks something you can do for a few of your questions).

frank.p · Accepted Answer · 2015-05-30 09:51:50Z

-1

I tested the example with python 2.7.9, 3.2.5, 3.3.5, 3.4.3 in 32bit and 64bit. (Win 8.1 64bit)

The code works.

( in python 3.4.3 64bit I had first an error message.

I've completely uninstalled 3.4.3 and then reinstalled.

Now, the example works also with 3.4.3 64 bit )

# basic code from >>
# http://tkinter.unpythonic.net/wiki/PhotoImage

# extra code -------------------------------------------------------------------------
from __future__ import print_function

try:
    import tkinter as tk
except:
    import Tkinter as tk

import sys
import platform

print ()
print ('python    ', sys.version)
print ('tkinter   ', tk.TkVersion)
print ()
print (platform.platform(),' ',platform.machine())
print ()


# basic code -------------------------------------------------------------------------

root = tk.Tk()

def create_button_with_scoped_image():
    # "w6.gif" >>
    # http://www.inf-schule.de/content/software/gui/entwicklung_tkinter/bilder/w6.gif
    img = tk.PhotoImage(file="w6.gif")  # reference PhotoImage in local variable
    button = tk.Button(root, image=img)
    # button.img = img  # store a reference to the image as an attribute of the widget
    button.image = img  # store a reference to the image as an attribute of the widget
    button.grid()

create_button_with_scoped_image()

tk.mainloop()

edited May 30, 2015 at 9:51

answered May 29, 2015 at 20:27

frank.p

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4 Comments

Deduplicator Over a year ago

Are you sure that's an answer, and more specifically an answer for python-3.x?

ShellFish Over a year ago

A good answer is not only a working answer but also a documented one. There's no point supplying code if the OP doesn't understand it. He/she should learn something from the answer instead of just copy pasting it, that way he/she'd end up asking the same question again next time, only in a different context.

frank.p Over a year ago

the point is that the response from gary and the Tkinter Wiki for me does not work in Python 3.4.3

frank.p Over a year ago

I have edit my post; ( in python 3.4.3 64bit I had first an error message. I've completely uninstalled 3.4.3 and then reinstalled. Now, the example works also with 3.4.3 64 bit )

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