If I understand your code and your intent with command correctly, then your code is fine as it is...but not for google.com server. You see, google.com server is a HTTP server and thus responds to HTTP requests like the one you placed in your second question. Sending that request would yield you response - index.html contents and response header.
If you were to, say, code a simple server app with the library you're using, that echoes to client whatever it sends, then you would see the output you wanted.
Here is full code of simple server that forks on accept and echoes what you send to it (courtesy of Beej's guide to network programming, slightly modified by me)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <signal.h>
#define PORT "3490" // the port users will be connecting to
#define BACKLOG 10 // how many pending connections queue will hold
void sigchld_handler(int s)
{
while(waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0);
}
// get sockaddr, IPv4 or IPv6:
void *get_in_addr(struct sockaddr *sa)
{
if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET) {
return &(((struct sockaddr_in*)sa)->sin_addr);
}
return &(((struct sockaddr_in6*)sa)->sin6_addr);
}
int main(void)
{
int sockfd, new_fd; // listen on sock_fd, new connection on new_fd
struct addrinfo hints, *servinfo, *p;
struct sockaddr_storage their_addr; // connector's address information
socklen_t sin_size;
struct sigaction sa;
int yes=1;
char s[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
char buf[1024];
int rv;
memset(&buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE; // use my IP
if ((rv = getaddrinfo(NULL, PORT, &hints, &servinfo)) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "getaddrinfo: %s\n", gai_strerror(rv));
return 1;
}
// loop through all the results and bind to the first we can
for(p = servinfo; p != NULL; p = p->ai_next) {
if ((sockfd = socket(p->ai_family, p->ai_socktype,
p->ai_protocol)) == -1) {
perror("server: socket");
continue;
}
if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &yes,
sizeof(int)) == -1) {
perror("setsockopt");
exit(1);
}
if (bind(sockfd, p->ai_addr, p->ai_addrlen) == -1) {
close(sockfd);
perror("server: bind");
continue;
}
break;
}
if (p == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "server: failed to bind\n");
return 2;
}
freeaddrinfo(servinfo); // all done with this structure
if (listen(sockfd, BACKLOG) == -1) {
perror("listen");
exit(1);
}
sa.sa_handler = sigchld_handler; // reap all dead processes
sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
if (sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == -1) {
perror("sigaction");
exit(1);
}
printf("server: waiting for connections...\n");
while(1) { // main accept() loop
sin_size = sizeof their_addr;
new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &sin_size);
if (new_fd == -1) {
perror("accept");
continue;
}
inet_ntop(their_addr.ss_family,
get_in_addr((struct sockaddr *)&their_addr),
s, sizeof s);
printf("server: got connection from %s\n", s);
if (!fork()) { // this is the child process
close(sockfd); // child doesn't need the listener
if (recv(new_fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0) == -1){
perror("recv");
}
if (send(new_fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0) == -1)
perror("send");
close(new_fd);
exit(0);
}
close(new_fd); // parent doesn't need this
}
return 0;
}
That should get it done. Hope I helped. Btw, look at this link: [Beej's Guide to Network Programming1. It's very nice for beginning.
Edit:
As for second question, you may create:
char* index_get_request=
"GET /index.html HTTP/1.1\r\n"
"Host: www.google.com\r\n"
"\r\n";
And then use:
send(sock_fd, index_get_request, strlen(index_get_request), 0);
