Branch in C# Based on Boolean Pattern?

(One way) to convert your four bools to a byte:

public byte BoolsToByte(IEnumerable<bool> bools)
{
    byte result = 0;
    foreach ( bool value in bools )
    {
        result *= 2;

        if ( value )
            result += 1;
    }

    return result;
}

public byte BoolsToByte(params bool[] bools)
{
    return BoolsToByte(bools.AsEnumerable());
}

where the overload gives you flexibility to call in one of two ways:

• byte converted = BoolsToByte(bytes);
• byte converted = BoolsToByte(a, b, c, d);

I haven't been able to get binary literals to work (using Visual Studio 2015, targeting .NET 4.6.1). Other C# 6.0 features like nameof work, though. For now I'm reverting to 5.0 behaviour and leaving binary in as comments.

If you're compiling to .NET 4.6.1, I assume you're using C# 6.0 features such as binary literals which will help with readability. In that case, you can use a syntax for the cases of your switch statement like this:

switch ( converted )
{
    case 0: // 0000
        // elided
        break;
    case 1: // 0001
    case 9: // 1001
        // elided
        break;

    // other cases elided

    case 15: // 1111
        // elided
        break;
}

Note I've combined 1 (0001) and 9 (1001) as an example because you said:

Some of those that have "00" in the middle should behave the same, others not.

If you're not using C# 6.0 features, just replace the binary literals with the numeric equivalents from the comments.