Python - parse request with multiple json values for 1 param

Question

I have a query parameter structure similar to this one:

data = {
  "data1":"<enc_ssid_charger>",
  "data2": {
    "primary": {
      "a": {
        "a1": "a1",
        "a2": "a2",
        "a3": "a3"}},
    "secondary": {
      "b": {
        "b1": "b1",
        "b2": "b2"}}}}

The thing is that, primary and secondary can have one of these values: a, b, c or d (and the associated characteristics). Primary and secondary cannot have the same value, and secondary may not exist. Depending on the key inside primary or secondary I want to do a data validation but efficiently, without having to repeat code. Because now that's what happens:

if data['data2']['primary'].get('a', {}):
    # data verification on data['data2']['primary']['a']['a1']
    # data verification on data['data2']['primary']['a']['a2']
    # data verification on data['data2']['primary']['a']['a3']
elif data['data2']['primary'].get('b', {}):
    # data verification on data['data2']['primary']['b']['b1']
    # data verification on data['data2']['primary']['b']['b2']
elif data['data2'].get('secondary',{}).get('a', {}):
    # data verification on data['data2']['secondary']['a']['a1']
    # data verification on data['data2']['secondary']['a']['a2']
    ...
elif data['data2'].get('secondary',{}).get('b', {}):
    # data verification on data['data2']['secondary']['b']['b1']
    ...

My question is: how to make only 4 conditions for data verification (a, b, c and d) just changing the json reference and work for when secondary doesn't exist? (E.g. verify that data['data2']['xxxx']['a']['a1'] > 10 or data['data2']['xxxx']['b']['b2'] = 'hello', where xxxx can be either primary or seconday)

I would appreciate any kind of help, as having structured and clean code is very important to me. And in this case, I'm not sure how not to make it redound.

Solution found: Get absolute path of a key from nested dictionary in Python

John Gordon · Accepted Answer · 2022-02-21 19:11:38Z

1

Assuming you don't specifically care whether the key is a or b, you can iterate over the dict and grab whatever key is present:

for key in data['data2']['primary']:
    # verify data['data2']['primary'][key]

if 'secondary' in data['data2']:
    for key in data['data2']['secondary']:
        # verify data['data2']['secondary'][key]

answered Feb 21, 2022 at 19:11

John Gordon

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4 Comments

Bemojo Over a year ago

The question was precisely because I do need a and b :)))

Bemojo Over a year ago

I added an example to the question, if you can help me, I would appreciate it

John Gordon Over a year ago

@Bemojo It's still not clear exactly what you need to know about the data. For example if primary contains a versus b, how would the validation differ?

Bemojo Over a year ago

If one time primary has a and next time it's secondary, I would like to validate in the same code block data['data2']['xxxx']['a']['a1'], where xxxx is either primary or secondary. The problem is to identify the json path to get the variable to use

Ajax1234 · Accepted Answer · 2022-02-21 19:20:37Z

1

You can condense your if-elif statements further using dict.get:

if (value:=data['data2']['primary'].get('a', data['data2']['primary'].get('b', {}))):
  pass
elif (value:=data['data2']['secondary'].get('a', data['data2']['primary'].get('b', {}))):
  pass

Another way, using Python's pattern matching syntax from 3.10

match data:
  case {'data2':{'primary':{'a':value} | {'b':value}}}: print(value)   
  case {'data2':{'secondary':{'a':value} | {'b':value}}}: print(value)

Output:

{'a1': 'a1', 'a2': 'a2', 'a3': 'a3'}

edited Feb 21, 2022 at 19:20

answered Feb 21, 2022 at 19:12

Ajax1234

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5 Comments

Bemojo Over a year ago

Thank you for the help! However, for the 1st solution I'm getting SyntaxError because of := and the 2nd solution will not work because I'm running python 2.7.17... Do you have a 3rd solution? :))

Bemojo Over a year ago

In the 1st solution will I be able to verify that a > 10? Without having to write data['data2']['primary']['a']['a1'] or data['data2']['secondary']['a']['a1'], but something like data['data2']['xxxxx']['a']['a1']?

Bemojo Over a year ago

I added an example to the question, if you can help me, I would appreciate it

Ajax1234 Over a year ago

@Bemojo The solutions require python versions > 3.8 (3.9 for :=, and 3.10 for the match-case). You do not need := for the first solution, simply write data['data2']['primary'].get('a', data['data2']['primary'].get('b', {})) again in the body of the conditional, where you can run a check for the value being greater than 10.

Bemojo Over a year ago

But after how can I know if it is data['data2']['primary']['a'] or data['data2']['primary']['b'] with your solution? The problem is to identify the json path to get the variable to use

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