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I'm creating Latex Tables using Array One of the sample table is mentioned below with merging multi-cell of rows.

enter image description here

Can you please help me to understand, how can i merges rows in arrays Sample Latex table with Array is mentioned below; 

\[\begin{array}{*{20}{|c}}
\hline
   {{\text{Differentiation}}} & {{\text{Integration}}} & {}  \\
   {{\text{The problem of finding SLOPE}}} & {} & {}  \\
   {} & {{\text{Leibnitz}}} & {{\text{Archimedes}}}  \\
   a & b & c  \\
   d & e & f  \\
   g & h & i  \\
   j & k & l  \\
   m & n & o  \\
\hline
\end{array} \]
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  • 1
    Off-topic (for this question): You don't need 20 columns; You don't need all the braces/\text{Leibnitz} would suffice; Why a textual table inside a math display equation? Commented May 20, 2014 at 5:51
  • Dear Sir, text mentioned above is dummy; table is having around 18 rows. I pasted image and array with rough data. Regarding table inside a math display equation; I'm looking for tools using which even person without latex knowledge can practically work with it. In MathType there is a option to convert display code into Latex commands; so textual table is inside a math display equation. Commented May 20, 2014 at 6:10

3 Answers 3

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3

This might be a starting point for you. I created a new column type P which makes it easier distributing the columns over the width of the textblock, because with this solution the widths of the n columns should add up to 1 and not to 1-n*\tabcolsep.

\documentclass{article}
\pagestyle{empty}% for cropping
\usepackage{booktabs,array}
\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{\dimexpr#1\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}{P{0.3}P{0.35}P{0.35}}
    \toprule
    Differentiation & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Integration} \\
    \midrule
    Slope & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Area} \\
    & Leibnitz & Archimedes, Eudoxus, others \\
    & Anti Deri & Area \\
    & Test 1 & Test 2 \\
    & Indefinite Integral & Definite Integral \\[\baselineskip]
    & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Together constitutes Integral Calculus} \\
    \midrule
    Derivative of a polynomial function decreases its degree by 1 & \multicolumn{2}{p{0.5\textwidth}}{Integral of a polynomial function increases its degree by 1} \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}

enter image description here

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2

With {NiceTabular} of nicematrix (≥ 6.28).

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{nicematrix}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}
  \centering
  \begin{NiceTabular}{X[l,30]X[l,35]X[l,35]}
    \toprule
    Differentiation & \Block{1-2}{Integration} \\
    \midrule
    Slope & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Area} \\
    & Leibnitz & Archimedes, Eudoxus, others \\
    & Anti Deri & Area \\
    & Test 1 & Test 2 \\
    & Indefinite Integral & Definite Integral \\
    & \Block{1-2}{Together constitutes Integral Calculus} \\
    \midrule
    Derivative of a polynomial function decreases its degree by 1 & 
    \Block[j]{1-2}{Integral of a polynomial function increases its degree by 1} \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{NiceTabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

Output of the above code

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After 10 years .. as competiton to nice @F. Pantigny answer (+1) with tabularray package:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs}

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}
    \centering
\begin{tblr}{colspec = {X[1.2,l] X[l] X[l]},
             cell{1-2,Y}{2} = {c=2}{c},
             cell{Z}{2} = {c=2}{},
             row{1}  = {font=\bfseries},
             row{2-X}= {rowsep=1pt},
             hspan   = minimal
             }
    \toprule
Differentiation &   Integration         &                               \\
    \midrule
Slope           &   Area                &                               \\
                & Leibnitz              & Archimedes, Eudoxus, others   \\
                & Anti Deri             & Area                          \\
                & Test 1                & Test 2                        \\
                & Indefinite Integral   & Definite Integral             \\
    \addlinespace
                &   Together constitutes Integral Calculus
                                        &                               \\
    \midrule
Derivative of a polynomial function decreases its degree by 1 
                &   Integral of a polynomial function increases its degree by 1
                                        &                               \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tblr}
    \end{table}
\end{document}

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