Just curious what language these characters in a URL are from?
For example:force_name=1&name=Tom%20 which is a space.
The % characters in URLs are not a "programming language." Rather they are URL Encoding or just Percent Encoding. They allow characters to be used in URLs that that cannot otherwise be used un-escaped.
%20 is a space because 20 is the ASCII code for a space character. A space cannot be used in a URL un-escaped because not one of the characters listed as being allowed in URLs.
Percent encoding is defined in section 2.1 of RFC 3986: Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax.