A.
Can somebody explain what this section does in this code (http://codepad.org/SyWLTfqs)?
class_names = [w.capitalize() for w in
random.sample(WORDS, snippet.count("###"))]
Where does the "w" come from? Where does the function capitalize() come from?
Firstly, note that random.sample(input, length) returns a list of length snippet.count("###") of the values of WORDS in random order, and capitalize is a method of the String class.
If WORDS is an array of strings, that means w would be assigned to each string at random, applied the method capitalize(), and then put into a list as indicated by the brackets
It's a list comprehension, iterating over a bunch of strings and calling them w, then calling .capitalize() on them. So class_names is a list of N capitalized randomly selected words from WORDS, where N is the number of occurrences of "###" in snippet.
capitize() is a Python builtin string function that capitalizes the value in the variable w; a user doesn't have to create it http://docs.python.org/library/string.html.
Basically, there's an iteration within that list variable, and the value in each iteration is assigned to the w.
wcomes from.capitilize()is a method of all string objects.