python NameError: name 'file' is not defined

Question

I dont know much about python. I want to start working on the project and the setup instruction says:

pip install -r requirements-dev.txt

Simple enougth. The problem is that I get this:

    Downloading/unpacking gunicorn==0.13.4 (from -r requirements.txt (line 7))
  Running setup.py egg_info for package gunicorn
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 16, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-build-root/gunicorn/setup.py", line 18, in <module>
        long_description = file(
    NameError: name 'file' is not defined
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<string>", line 16, in <module>

  File "/tmp/pip-build-root/gunicorn/setup.py", line 18, in <module>

    long_description = file(

NameError: name 'file' is not defined

I dont understand the problem. Maybe somebody can help out?

I run this on Arch Linux, python defaults to python 3 and the project is not python 3 but I'm not sure if that's it.

Patrick Sanan · Accepted Answer · 2017-11-08 18:53:30Z

197

file() is not supported in Python 3

Use open() instead; see Built-in Functions - open().

edited Nov 8, 2017 at 18:53

Patrick Sanan

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answered Nov 27, 2014 at 19:25

parkerproject

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Comments

starball · Accepted Answer · 2023-05-11 08:41:06Z

11

It seems that your project is written in Python < 3. This is because the file() builtin function is removed in Python 3. Try using Python 2to3 tool or edit the erroneous file yourself.

The project page clearly mentions that

Gunicorn requires Python 2.x >= 2.5. Python 3.x support is planned.

edited May 11, 2023 at 8:41

starball♦

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answered May 24, 2013 at 14:17

mg007

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3 Comments

Blubber Over a year ago

For someone who claims he's not familiar with Python I think it might be a bad idea to try to port Gunicorn to Python 3 :). It's just not going to work, using Python 2.7 is the better option here.

mg007 Over a year ago

My bad! I missed those words... Sorry :(

federico Over a year ago

do you know the exact fix which converts from file to open in 2to3? I was looking for it, but according to the documentation it seems that this part needs to be changed manually because it is not implemented :(

Blubber · Accepted Answer · 2013-05-24 14:15:23Z

5

file is not defined in Python3, which you are using apparently. The package you're instaling is not suitable for Python 3, instead, you should install Python 2.7 and try again.

See: http://docs.python.org/release/3.0/whatsnew/3.0.html#builtins

edited May 24, 2013 at 14:15

answered May 24, 2013 at 14:04

Blubber

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1 Comment

cyroxx Over a year ago

(if OP really uses Python 3.x) Gunicorn 0.13.4 requires Python 2.x >= 2.5. Source: "Installation" section at: pypi.python.org/pypi/gunicorn/0.13.4

starball · Accepted Answer · 2023-05-11 08:40:53Z

2

Search the function file() on your entire code, and replace it with open().

edited May 11, 2023 at 8:40

starball♦

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answered May 11, 2023 at 8:38

Mohammad Nasiruddin

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Comments

Julian · Accepted Answer · 2020-11-05 14:10:45Z

-3

To solve this error, it is enough to add from google.colab import files in your code!

edited Nov 5, 2020 at 14:10

Julian

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answered Nov 5, 2020 at 8:10

Aso Bozorgpanah

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1 Comment

Ichthyo Apr 18 at 13:31

This is not what is commonly understood under "solving a problem". Rather, you recommend to add further problems while attempting to hide the initial problem.

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