How should I set CLASSPATH?

Question

I did this before:

CLASSPATH=".:/home/phoenies/jdk1.6.0_17/lib/tools.jar:/home/phoenies/jdk1.6.0_17/lib/dt.jar"

But today an article says I should do this:

CLASSPATH=".:/home/phoenies/jdk1.6.0_17/lib"

If I do so, will it search all the jar files in lib? So it's probably a shorter way?

stackoverflow.com/a/51112747/9573840 This is the most convenient way to set the classpath — Yash Maheshwari
– Yash Maheshwari, Commented May 20, 2019 at 5:21

Cesar · Accepted Answer · 2010-01-07 05:35:15Z

14

Since you are using JDK6, you can use classpath wildcards: CLASSPATH=".:/home/phoenies/jdk1.6.0_17/lib/*" will match all JARS inside lib/

Check out http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/tools/windows/classpath.html there's a section called "Understanding class path wildcards"

edited Jan 7, 2010 at 5:35

answered Jan 7, 2010 at 2:35

Cesar

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2 Comments

akf Over a year ago

very interesting. +1. However I would argue against the use of 'should' as there is no explicit ordering of the loaded files, so there could be unexpected behavior if you have multiple jars containing different versions of the same class in your directory.

Cesar Over a year ago

You are right, in that case explicit jar loading is better. When you have a group of independent jars to load using wildcards is a good solution. Even better to have an ant script as duffymo suggested.

duffymo · Accepted Answer · 2010-01-07 02:38:47Z

2

I think having a CLASSPATH environment variable is wrong for all but the easiest of "Hello, World" tutorials.

The right way is to set the CLASSPATH for every project when you compile and run. Every project is likely to be different, so this makes perfect sense.

IDEs ignore CLASSPATH environment settings; so do all Java EE app servers. It's a relic of Java 1.0. I don't have CLASSPATH set on any machine that I work on.

Learn to script it for the command line. Or use Ant. You'll be glad you did.

answered Jan 7, 2010 at 2:38

duffymo

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1 Comment

phoenies Over a year ago

Oh, I thought it's just a convention.

Jim L · Accepted Answer · 2010-01-07 02:30:27Z

1

Yes, it will search all jar files in lib if you do it the second way. It's pretty odd to see class path being set as specifically as in the first one. I suppose on a server where you wanted to be sure what jars were being loaded, that might be one way to restrict them, but you might run into issues with how long it can be if you had several jars.

answered Jan 7, 2010 at 2:30

Jim L

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2 Comments

bmargulies Over a year ago

O Really? The definition of a directory in classpath always used to be to find naked .class files.

duffymo Over a year ago

Wrong. You have to list JARs individually.

akf · Accepted Answer · 2010-01-07 02:37:03Z

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Jar files need to be specified by name in the Classpath variable. One thing to note is that the commandline -classpath param is more versatile than the environment variable, as it allows you to set a classpath per application.

answered Jan 7, 2010 at 2:37

akf

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Nate · Accepted Answer · 2010-01-07 02:38:22Z

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In Java 1.6+ you can set the classpath to a directory followed by /* to load all JAR files in that directory. Not just the directory name though - that's for loading class files in that directory and subdirectories.

answered Jan 7, 2010 at 2:38

Nate

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