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In numpy, is it recommended to create column arrays (2d arrays) rather than 1d arrays? For example, whereas Z = np.zeros((12,)) defines a 1-dimensional list, it might also be preferable to form Z = np.zeros((12,1)).

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    Use the 1-d array by default. Only use the 2-d shape when you know you need it. Commented Jan 9, 2014 at 18:31

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Depends on the use case. Both possibilities exist for a reason: if Z can be a matrix but just happens to have one column, make it a column vector. If Z is always a single vector, make it 1-d unless some operation (or library) requires the other format; 1-d is usually a bit easier to work with.

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