Reference a field on a form within a query using SQL

So, the user essentially wants 2 queries to run. A DELETE * FROM Table query, and an Append query. The user wants to know what table to utilize for the Append query by using the Combobox (may just be my assumption/interpretation). That being said, why not use something along the lines of:

If IsNull(Me.[Combo0].Value) Then
    MsgBox "Please select something."
    Me.[Combo0].SetFocus
    Cancel = True
Else
   Select Case Me.Form!Combo0
       Case 1
           DoCmd.OpenQuery "DeleteMaterialsTableData" 'Query to delete appropriate table data dependent on Combobox selection'
           DoCmd.OpenQuery "QueryNameMaterial1" 'Append records to appropriate table dependent on Combo0 selection'
       Case 2
           DoCmd.OpenQuery "DeleteMaterialsTableData" 'Query to delete appropriate table data dependent on Combobox selection'
           DoCmd.OpenQuery "QueryNameMaterial2" 'Append records to appropriate table dependent on Combo0 selection'

This is just trying to use the users' combobox values to determine which table to run the queries against, instead of the user trying to use the Combobox's value as a table name.

You're pressing a button to do this. This implies that some VBA code is running behind the scene (the Click event of the button). In that case, the answer is a resounding Yes.

Dim strSQL as String
Dim strSQL2 as String

strSQL = "DELETE * FROM tblTempSassyInfo;"
DoCmd.RunSQL (strSQL)

strSQL2 = "INSERT INTO tblTempSassyInfo (Concat, TableName, AddressName, PartNumber, [L/R], FeederSize, QtyPerBoard, SASSYname, RawBoard)
SELECT TableName & AddressName & PartNumber, TableName, AddressName, PartNumber, [L/R], FeederSize, QtyPerBoard, SassyName, RawBoard
FROM " & [FORMS]![DASHBOARD]![Combo0].SelectedValue & ";"
DoCmd.RunSQL (strSQL2)

You may need to tweak that a bit, but it should get you pretty close.

You MAY need to use [FORMS]![DASHBOARD]![Combo0].Columns(0) or Columns(1) instead, I can't remember...

As was stated; Access (and just about any brand database) can definitely do append and delete queries.

The problem is the design. Specifically: FROM [FORMS]![DASHBOARD]![Combo0];

From clause must be a record set (table) not a call to a control on a form.

My suggestion is to first establish a Select query that has the correct data that you want to append. Save that with a name. You need to be able to do this first.

Once that is done - then create an Append query that uses that saved Select query as its starting record set.

You then just need to trigger the Append query (the Select query will automatically run) using vba behind your button click event: Docmd.OpenQuery "Append Query Name"

This is 100% possible in MS Access 2010 onward based on my experience. I've not used 2007, but MS says it is possible (see link below). I'm using parametrized queries in a few databases.

PARAMETERS  [forms].[dash].[dt_val] DateTime; 
SELECT a.F3 AS AdEnt, [forms].[dash].[dt_val] AS Expr1...

The important thing I've found is using a form the user will be interacting with and setting the Date as "DateTime" within the parameter. Here is a video from Microsoft that shows how to and says that it applies to 2007.

Use Parameters in MS Access Queries

Additionally, if you want to do a delete or append, save it as a query then place a button on the form that executes the docmd.runquery for the name of that saved delete/append query.