JSONArray gives Exception

Question

I got this Exception

Value of type java.lang.String cannot be converted to JSONArray

When trying to Parse JSON.

JSONParser.java

public class JSONParser {

static InputStream is = null;
static JSONArray jArray = null;
static String json = "";

// constructor
public JSONParser() {

}

// function get json from url
// by making HTTP POST or GET mehtod
public JSONArray makeHttpRequest(String url, String method,
        List<NameValuePair> params) {

    // Making HTTP request
    try {

        // check for request method
        if(method == "POST"){
            // request method is POST
            // defaultHttpClient

            System.out.println("in post, url: "+url);

            DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params));

            HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
            is = httpEntity.getContent();

        }else if(method == "GET"){

            System.out.println("in get, url: "+url);

            // request method is GET
            DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            String paramString = URLEncodedUtils.format(params, "utf-8");

            url += "?" + paramString;
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
            HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity(); 
            is = httpEntity.getContent();

        }            

    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    try {

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8"),8);

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        String line = null;
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            sb.append(line + "\n");
        }
        is.close();
        json = sb.toString();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e("Buffer Error", "Error converting result " + e.toString());
    }

    // try parse the string to a JSON object
    try {
        jArray = new JSONArray(json);
        System.out.println("jArray: "+jArray);

    } catch (JSONException e) {
        Log.e("JSON Parser", "Error parsing data " + e.toString());
    }

    // return JSON String
    return jArray;

  }
}

NewsActivity.java

public class NewsActivity extends Activity {

    ListView newsListView;

    // Progress Dialog
    private ProgressDialog pDialog;

    // Creating JSON Parser object
    JSONParser jsonParser = new JSONParser();

    ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> newsList;

    // products JSONArray
    JSONArray News = null;

    NewsAdapter newAdapter;

    ImageButton home;

    // News JSON url
    // http://www.giga-soft.com/fredericm_mobile
    private static final String NEWS_URL = "my_URL.php";

    // ALL JSON node names
    static final String NEWS_ID = "news_id";
    static final String NEWS_CONTENT = "news_content";
    static final String NEWS_PHOTO = "news_photo";
    static final String NEWS_PHOTO_THUMB = "news_photo_thumb";
    static final String NEWS_CREATED_DATE = "news_created_date";
    static final String NEWS_ORD = "news_ord";
    static final String NEWS_STATE = "news_state";
    static final String NEWS_LAST_UPDATE = "news_last-update";
    static final String NEWS_TITLE = "news_title";

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.news_list);

        newsListView = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.news_list);
        newsListView.setItemsCanFocus(true);

        // Hashmap for ListView
        newsList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();

        home = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.TitleHomeBtn);

        home.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View v) {

                Intent intent = new Intent(NewsActivity.this, MainActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);

            }
        });

        // Loading News in Background Thread
        new LoadNews().execute();

    }


    /**
     * Background Async Task to Load all News messages by making HTTP Request
     * */
    class LoadNews extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {

        /**
         * Before starting background thread Show Progress Dialog
         * */
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            pDialog = new ProgressDialog(NewsActivity.this);
            pDialog.setMessage(getResources().getString(R.string.loadNews));
            pDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
            pDialog.setCancelable(false);
            pDialog.show();
        }

        /**
         * getting News JSON
         * */
        protected String doInBackground(String... args) {

            // Building Parameters
            List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

            // getting JSON string from URL
            JSONArray jsonArray = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(NEWS_URL, "GET", params);

            ///////////////// the following line gives Exception /////////////////////
            System.out.println("jsonArray.length(): "+jsonArray.length());

            JSONObject jsonObject = null;


            // Check your log cat for JSON reponse
            Log.d("News JSON: ", jsonArray.toString());

            try {

                // looping through All messages
                for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {
                    jsonObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);

                    System.out.println("jsonObject: "+jsonObject);

                    // Storing each json item in variable
                    String news_id = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_ID);
                    String news_content = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_CONTENT);
                    String news_photo = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_PHOTO);
                    String news_photo_thumb = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_PHOTO_THUMB);
                    String news_created_date = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_CREATED_DATE);
                    String news_ord = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_ORD);
                    String news_state = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_STATE);
                    String news_last_update = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_LAST_UPDATE);
                    String news_title = jsonObject.getString(NEWS_TITLE);

                    // creating new HashMap
                    HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();

                    // adding each child node to HashMap key => value
                    map.put(NEWS_ID, news_id);
                    map.put(NEWS_CONTENT, news_content);
                    map.put(NEWS_PHOTO, news_photo);
                    map.put(NEWS_PHOTO_THUMB, news_photo_thumb);
                    map.put(NEWS_CREATED_DATE, news_created_date);
                    map.put(NEWS_ORD, news_ord);
                    map.put(NEWS_STATE, news_state);
                    map.put(NEWS_LAST_UPDATE, news_last_update);
                    map.put(NEWS_TITLE, news_title);

                    // adding HashList to ArrayList
                    newsList.add(map);
                }

            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            return null;
        }

        /**
         * After completing background task Dismiss the progress dialog
         * **/
        protected void onPostExecute(String file_url) {
            // dismiss the dialog after getting all products
            pDialog.dismiss();
            // updating UI from Background Thread
            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                public void run() {
                    /**
                     * Updating parsed JSON data into ListView
                     * */
                    newAdapter = new NewsAdapter(NewsActivity.this, newsList);
                    // updating listview
                    newsListView.setAdapter(newAdapter);

                }
            });

        }

    }

}

in php file:

<?php
include ('config.php');

mysql_query('SET CHARACTER SET UTF8');
mysql_query("SET NAMES utf8; ");

$check = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE 1");

while($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($check))
$output[]=$row;

    $json_encode =json_encode($output);
    $utf8_decode = utf8_decode($json_encode);
    echo $json_encode;
    mb_convert_encoding($json_encode, 'UTF-8');
    $html_entity_decode = html_entity_decode($json_encode);

mysql_close();

php code:

    ?[
      {
        "news_id": "11",
        "news_content": "\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 .. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0628",
        "news_photo": "http:\/\/www.abarid.com\/Mobile_apps\/products_thumb\/Untitled6.png",
        "news_photo_thumb": "",
        "news_internal_photo": "http:\/\/www.abarid.com\/Mobile_apps\/products_thumb\/Untitled6.png",
        "news_photo_internal_thumb": "",
        "news_created_date": "2013-10-31",
        "news_ord": "1",
        "news_state": "1",
        "news_last-update": "2013-11-13 23:20:39",
        "news_title": "Pocket Perfums"
      },
      {
        "news_id": "12",
        "news_content": "\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644.. \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0649\n\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\n\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 - \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0649 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629",
        "news_photo": "http:\/\/www.abarid.com\/Mobile_apps\/products_thumb\/Untitled8.png",
        "news_photo_thumb": "",
        "news_internal_photo": "http:\/\/www.abarid.com\/Mobile_apps\/products_thumb\/Untitled8.png",
        "news_photo_internal_thumb": "",
        "news_created_date": "2013-10-31",
        "news_ord": "2",
        "news_state": "1",
        "news_last-update": "2013-11-13 23:20:45",
        "news_title": "\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a"
      },
      {
        "news_id": "13",
        "news_content": "\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 ",
        "news_photo": "http:\/\/www.abarid.com\/Mobile_apps\/products_thumb\/Untitled9.jpeg",
        "news_photo_thumb": "http:\/\/www.abarid.com\/Mobile_apps\/products_thumb\/Untitled9.jpeg",
        "news_internal_photo": "",
        "news_photo_internal_thumb": "",
        "news_created_date": "2013-12-30",
        "news_ord": "3",
        "news_state": "1",
        "news_last-update": "2014-02-21 01:47:15",
        "news_title": "\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632"
      },
      {
        "news_id": "14",
        "news_content": "\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0645",
        "news_photo": "http:\/\/www.giga-soft.com\/fredericm\/uploads\/152488.png?r=169902398",
        "news_photo_thumb": "http:\/\/www.giga-soft.com\/fredericm\/uploads\/152488_thumb.png?r=169902398",
        "news_internal_photo": "",
        "news_photo_internal_thumb": "",
        "news_created_date": "2013-12-31",
        "news_ord": "4",
        "news_state": "1",
        "news_last-update": "2013-12-31 17:09:10",
        "news_title": "\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a"
      }
    ]

What's wrong that causes the Exception and how to solve? Hope anyone could help me.

What line is the error reflecting? Typically when people get this error, it's because they think that they're getting a JSON object from the server, but in reality, they're getting a String that LOOKS like a JSON but is actually not. — erad
– erad, Commented Sep 23, 2014 at 9:58
I posted the JSON code and I was determining the exception line — Eman87
– Eman87, Commented Sep 23, 2014 at 10:33

Community · Accepted Answer · 2017-05-23 10:26:24Z

0

Did you checked the value that you are passing to JSONArray,is it as per you expected? Your Question is possible duplicate of Value of type java.lang.String cannot be converted to JSONArray

edited May 23, 2017 at 10:26

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answered Sep 23, 2014 at 10:05

praveen

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Comments

erad · Accepted Answer · 2014-09-23 10:07:35Z

0

You should add a setContent("application/json") to your HttpPost to ensure that it will receive a JSON object.

See documentation.

answered Sep 23, 2014 at 10:07

erad

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Comments

Ramesh Devaiya · Accepted Answer · 2014-09-23 10:17:15Z

public class JSONParser {

    static String response = null;
    public final static int GET = 1;
    public final static int POST = 2;

    public ServiceHandler() {

    }

    /**
     * Making service call
     * @url - url to make request
     * @method - http request method
     * */
    public String makeServiceCall(String url, int method) {
        return this.makeServiceCall(url, method, null);
    }

    /**
     * Making service call
     * @url - url to make request
     * @method - http request method
     * @params - http request params
     * */
    public String makeServiceCall(String url, int method,
            List<NameValuePair> params) {
        try {
            // http client
            DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpEntity httpEntity = null;
            HttpResponse httpResponse = null;

            // Checking http request method type
            if (method == POST) {
                HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
                // adding post params
                if (params != null) {
                    httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params));
                }

                httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

            } else if (method == GET) {
                // appending params to url
                if (params != null) {
                    String paramString = URLEncodedUtils
                            .format(params, "utf-8");
                    url += "?" + paramString;
                }
                HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);

                httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

            }
            System.out.println("Status in url =====" + httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
            httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
            response = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);

        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return response;

    }
}

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