In case you have to change a column length which previously had a foreign key and an index, you should drop them first in a different Schema block, not in the same one as you change the length, as doing so will get you an error.
Schema::disableForeignKeyConstraints();
Schema::table('table_name', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->dropIndex('table_column_index');
$table->dropForeign('table_column_foreign');
});
Schema::enableForeignKeyConstraints();
Schema::table('table_name', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->string('column', 100)->change();
});