As ahajib mentioned in the comments, you're looking for the file you copied in a different container.
$ docker run --name my_container alpine
$ docker cp test.txt my_container:/tmp/test.txt
$ docker run alpine ls -l /tmp
total 0
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6224c947fbbd alpine "ls -l /tmp" 11 seconds ago Exited (0) 10 seconds ago brave_neumann
22951689a3e4 alpine "/bin/sh" About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago my_container
You copied the file into my_container, but you ran the ls -l /tmp command in brave_neumann.
If you want to copy files into a container and then use those files in the container, you either have to copy the files while the container is still running, or you copy them to a docker volume.
Mounting that volume in a new container then lets it see the files you copied in.
$ docker volume create my_volume
my_volume
$ docker run --name my_container2 -v my_volume:/data alpine echo OK
OK
$ docker cp test.txt my_container2:/data/test.txt
$ docker run -v my_volume:/data alpine ls -l /data
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 1006 1006 29 Oct 6 19:43 test.txt
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
15b36ccd535f alpine "ls -l /data" 7 seconds ago Exited (0) 6 seconds ago agitated_khorana
b9d4c9e0902f alpine "echo OK" 54 seconds ago Exited (0) 53 seconds ago my_container2
6224c947fbbd alpine "ls -l /tmp" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago brave_neumann
22951689a3e4 alpine "/bin/sh" 3 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 minutes ago my_container
$
docker cp test.txt my_docker:/usr/local/src/test.txt?docker run -it docker_file_nameto get interactive shell to my running docker and check if files are copied or not.