how to use struct in a class

Question

lifeform.h

class lifeform
{
  public:
    struct item;
    void buyItem(item &a);
   //code..
};

lifeform.cpp

struct lifeform::item
{
std::string type,name;
bool own;
int value,feature;

    item(std::string _type,std::string _name,int _value,int _feature):type(_type), name(_name),value(_value),feature(_feature)
     {
        own=false;
     }
};

lifeform::item lBoots("boots","Leather Boots",70,20);

void lifeform::buyItem(item &a)
{
if(a.own==0)
{

    inventory.push_back(a);
    a.own=1;
    addGold(-a.value);
    std::cout << "Added " << a.name << " to the inventory.";

    if(a.type=="boots")
    {
        hp-=inventory[1].feature;
        inventory[1]=a;
        std::cout << " ( HP + " << a.feature << " )\n";
        maxHp+=a.feature;
        hp+=a.feature;
    }
    }

there is no error so far but when i wanna use them in main.cpp like this

 #include "lifeform.h"
 int main()
 {
 lifeform p;
 p.buyItem(lBoots);
 }

compiler says me [Error] 'lBoots' was not declared in this scope but i declared it class am i missing something?

I don't see any definition of lGauntlets. Do you mean lBoots? And you need to declare is in the header file or no other translation unit will know about it. — Some programmer dude
– Some programmer dude, Commented Apr 19, 2017 at 14:28
@RedPotato remember that struct and class really are the same thing in C++. The only difference is that struct default access level is public, so Inheritance and member are by default public, whereas class default level is private. Aside from that, there is no difference. — Guillaume Racicot
– Guillaume Racicot, Commented Apr 19, 2017 at 14:29

Pavel P · Accepted Answer · 2017-04-19 14:54:12Z

1

To use your lifeform::item lBoots you need to declare it in main:

#include "lifeform.h"

extern lifeform::item lBoots; // <-- you need this.

int main()
{
    lifeform p;
    p.buyItem(lBoots);
}

Or alternatively you should place extern lifeform::item lBoots; in your lifeform.h.

edited Apr 19, 2017 at 14:54

answered Apr 19, 2017 at 14:31

Pavel P

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6 Comments

Guillaume Racicot Over a year ago

The problem with op is not lifeform::item to be an incomplete type, but to expose lBoots as an extern variable in his header.

RedPotato Over a year ago

@GuillaumeRacicot there is no problem with lifeform::item , the problem is i declared lBoots in class.cpp but cant use in main.cpp

Pavel P Over a year ago

@GuillaumeRacicot yes I see it now, I think the question got edited.

Pavel P Over a year ago

@RedPotato I updated the answer, you need to declare lBoots in main.cpp to be able to reference it.

Guillaume Racicot Over a year ago

@Pavel the declaration of extern lifeform::item lBoots belongs in lifeform.h. edit that and the upvote is yours.

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