First think which I could think of would be that you have passed the id parameter in permit params.
Please check that and if is present then remove it.
Secondly,as mentioned in the post that there are already data in the database so there is a problem with the sequences generated, since they can be only used once.
The solution is to set the sequence for your song_artists.id column to the highest value in the table with a query like this:
SELECT setval('song_artist_id_seq', (SELECT max(id) FROM song_artists));
I am assuming that your sequence name "song_artist_id_seq", table name "song_artist", and column name "id".
To get the sequence name run the below mentioned command:
SELECT pg_get_serial_sequence('tablename', 'columname');
For Resetting the postgres sequences from rails console:
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.tables.each do |t|
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.reset_pk_sequence!(t)
end
Another solution would be to override the save() method in your song_artist class to manually set the song_artist id for new records but is not advisable.