Flutter variable loses value

Question

I have a screen with a list of textfields and a dropdown option. I declared a variable in the StatefulWidget class and use it in the class through widget.variableName, however after entering some values on the textfields, I noticed the widgets get updated and my variable loses its value and I am left with a null variable. I have tried initializing it in initState() but it still loses it's value.

Example:

class Screen extends StatefulWidget{
  var variable;
  @override
  _ScreenState createState(){
    variable = "dummyText";
    return _ScreenState();
  }

}

class _ScreenState extends State<Screen>{
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      body: _layout(),
    );
  }

  _layout(){
    print(" value of variable: ${widget.variable}");
    //imagine lots of textfields here in a listview
  }
}

After entering text on some textfields, the variable loses it's value and it resets to null. How can i maintain it's value or where should I even declare it to make it not lose it's value.

Rémi Rousselet · Accepted Answer · 2018-06-18 21:33:05Z

9

You can't set mutable variable inside the StatefulWidget subclass. All fields of StatefulWidget must be final or const.

Instead, move that variable inside the State subclass.

class Screen extends StatefulWidget {
  _ScreenState createState() => _ScreenState();
}

class _ScreenState extends State<Screen> {
  String variable;

  @override
  void initState() {
    variable = "dummyText";
    super.initState();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      body: _layout(),
    );
  }

  _layout() {
    print(" value of variable: $variable");
    //imagine lots of textfields here in a listview
  }
}

answered Jun 18, 2018 at 21:33

Rémi Rousselet

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Comments

rmtmckenzie · Accepted Answer · 2018-06-18 21:43:14Z

Any state (i.e. variables) should be held in the class that inherits State. The class that inherits StatefulWidget should actually only have final variables - if you look at the Dart Analysis it should actually show an error as it inherits an @immutable class.

It's hard to tell without a bit more context about what you're doing, but generally if a value is passed in to the object you want to store it as a final variable in the class that inherits StatefulWidget, and store the actual value in a State wherever the change is actually affected.

Flutter is optimized for building objects, so don't worry about the performance implications of instantiating objects many times.

Note that if your class is the right place for the variable to be held, but you also want an initial value, you could pass in the initial value to the StatefulWidget then retrieve the value into the State in the initState call.

I'd recommend reading the part of the flutter tutorial about stateless and stateful widgets to get a deeper understanding of how they work.

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