How do we add a block before a particular string in a file using shell script

Question

I have an XML file as below:

<Context path="/jasperserver-pro" reloadable="false">
    <Resource name="jdbc/jasperserver" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/jasperserver?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
    <Resource name="jdbc/sugarcrm" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/sugarcrm?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
    <Resource name="jdbc/foodmart" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/foodmart?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
    <Manager pathname=""/>
</Context>

I need to add a piece of code before <Manager pathname=" "/>.

I have the code in a variable as below:

    RESOURCE_BEAN="<Resource name=\"resourceBean\" auth=\"Container\" type=\"javax.sql.DataSource\"
                maxActive=\"100\" maxIdle=\"30\" maxWaitMillis=\"10000\"
                username=\"$username\" password=\"$password\"
                driverClassName=\"$classname\" url=\"$url\"/>"

And I am using the below command to replace but it does not work.

VAR1="<Manager pathname=\"\"/>"

echo "$VAR1"

sed  '/${VAR1}/i ${RESOURCE_BEAN}' context.xml

What can I try next?

Possible duplicate of Insert multiple lines of text before specific line using Bash, Insert text before a certain line using Bash, etc. — jww
– jww, Commented Dec 3, 2018 at 5:46
is it possible to achieve this without using xmllint or xmlstartlet? — manjosh
– manjosh, Commented Dec 3, 2018 at 8:46
@manjosh, possible, sure, but a good idea, no. XML-aware tools can be 100% guaranteed to leave your output well-formed; XML-unaware tools categorically cannot -- they don't understand comments, CDATA sections, namespaces, or all the other weirdness that can make characters in an XML file mean different things depending on other contents that aren't directly next to them. — Charles Duffy
– Charles Duffy, Commented Nov 12, 2023 at 22:14

Kubator · Accepted Answer · 2018-12-03 10:26:56Z

Firstly You need to escape also slashes in Your variables:

RESOURCE_BEAN="<Resource name=\"resourceBean\" auth=\"Container\" type=\"javax.sql.DataSource\" maxActive=\"100\" maxIdle=\"30\" maxWaitMillis=\"10000\" username=\"$username\" password=\"$password\" driverClassName=\"$classname\" url=\"$url\"\/>"
VAR1="<Manager pathname=\"\"\/>"

Then this sed should work for You:

sed 's/'"${VAR1}"'/'"${RESOURCE_BEAN}"'/'

Test:

$ cat context.xml
<Context path="/jasperserver-pro" reloadable="false">
    <Resource name="jdbc/jasperserver" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/jasperserver?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
    <Resource name="jdbc/sugarcrm" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/sugarcrm?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
    <Resource name="jdbc/foodmart" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/foodmart?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
    <Manager pathname=""/>
</Context>

$ cat context.xml | sed 's/'"${VAR1}"'/'"${RESOURCE_BEAN}"'/'
    <Context path="/jasperserver-pro" reloadable="false">
        <Resource name="jdbc/jasperserver" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/jasperserver?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
        <Resource name="jdbc/sugarcrm" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/sugarcrm?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
        <Resource name="jdbc/foodmart" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" username="jasperdb" password="password" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver" accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed="true" validationQuery="SELECT 1" testOnBorrow="true" url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/foodmart?useUnicode=true&amp;amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;amp;autoReconnectForPools=true" factory="com.jaspersoft.jasperserver.tomcat.jndi.JSCommonsBasicDataSourceFactory"/>
        <Resource name="resourceBean" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWaitMillis="10000" username="" password="" driverClassName="" url=""/>
    </Context>

If You do not want to escape slashes in your variables You must change sed separator to pipes for instance:

sed 's|'"${VAR1}"'|'"${RESOURCE_BEAN}"'|'

echo "resouce bean ==>" RESOURCE_BEAN="<Resource name=\"resourceBean\" auth=\"Container\" type=\"javax.sql.DataSource\" maxActive=\"100\" maxIdle=\"30\" maxWaitMillis=\"10000\" username=\"$username\" password=\"$password\" driverClassName=\"$classname\" url=\"$url\"\/> <Manager pathname=\"\"\/>" VAR1="<Manager pathname=\"\"\/>" sed 's/'"${VAR1}"'/'"${RESOURCE_BEAN}"'/' i tried this but i get the error " sed: -e expression #1, char 100: unterminated `s' command"

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