function map in jsx react native

The map function returns a new array with the results of its operation.

MDN docs:

The map() method creates a new array with the results of calling a provided function on every element in the calling array.

You could use a FlatList component to render the resulting array from your map function.

Here's an example on how you could do it (assuming you don't need to alter enterprises data):

renderCard = (enterprise) => {
    return (
        <Card key={enterprise.id} containerStyle={{ width: Dimensions.get('window').width - 50 }}>
            <ListItem
                title={enterprise.name}
                subtitle={(
                    <View>
                        <Text style={{ color: theme.text.default }}>
                            {enterprise.fonction}
                        </Text>
                        <Text style={{ color: theme.palette.text.default }}>
                            {enterprise.location || ''}
                        </Text>
                    </View>
                )}
                onPress={enterprise.id && (() => handleItemPress(enterprise.id, navigation))}
            />
        </Card>
    );
}

getCompanyFunction() 
  const { enterprises, navigation } = this.props;
  return (
    <ScrollView horizontal>
      <View style={{ display: 'flex', flexDirection: 'row', flexWrap: 'nowrap' }}>
        <FlatList
        data={enterprises}
        renderItem={({ item }) => renderCard(item)} />
      </View>
    </ScrollView>
  );
}

You don't necessarily need to use a component to render a list of components, but it's usually the best course of action to do so.