Not able to pull from nested array and query return sub-document using MongoTemplate

Question

I am using mongodb in springboot. And here is a part of my data:

{
  "topic": [
    {
      "_topicId": "5e5e4d4bb431502946c15342",
      "name": "testName0",
      "username": "test0",
      "date": 1583238474961,
      "reply": [
        {
          "_replyId": "38d29dcb-1a79-4788-b721-5fbe700cc99d",
          "username": "test0",
          "content": "reply0",
          "date": 1583240780072
        },
        {
          "_replyId": "07a0293a-22a1-45fb-9aa2-775fa24e9915",
          "username": "test1",
          "content": "reply1",
          "date": 1583240955561
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "_topicId": "5e5e4d4bb431502946c15343",
      "name": "testName1",
      "username": "test1",
      "date": 1583238475241,
      "reply": []
    }
  ]
}

I have two problems:

(1) I try to pull a reply(a object of in java) from a topic, I try these queries:

Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("_topicId").is(topicId));
Update update = new Update().pull("reply.$._replyId", topicReplyId);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, "colletionName");

And I got a error The positional operator did not find the match needed from the query

Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("_topicId").is(topicId));
Update update = new Update().pull("reply._replyId", topicReplyId);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, "colletionName");

And I got a error Cannot use the part (_replyId) of (reply._replyId) to traverse the element

Then I decide to use the third way:

Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("_topicId").is(topicId));
Update update = new Update().pull("reply", replyEntity);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, "colletionName");

I try to new a ReplyEntity replyEntity, and I got my second problem:

(2) How can I get the subdocument from a document?

Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("_topicId").is(topicId).and("reply._replyId").is(replyId));
TopicEntity t = mongoTemplate.findOne(query, TopicEntity.class, "colletionName");

I used the query but I get the outer-document(topic), include two reply on the example above of topic1. I just want the reply,how can make it? Thanks a lot.

The $pull update operator removes (or pulls from an array) the specified element. For example, you can pull the reply with the replyId = "07a0293a-22a1-45fb-9aa2-775fa24e9915". The resulting document will not have that particular sub-document element in the reply array. Is that what you want to achieve? — prasad_
– prasad_, Commented Mar 4, 2020 at 5:45
@prasad_ Thanks for you comment. Your comment is one part of what I want to achieve. I understand the pull operation ,but I can't use it correctly, which means I can't pull the reply with the replyId = "07a0293a-22a1-45fb-9aa2-775fa24e9915",my query and update are always wrong. — liuyulvv
– liuyulvv, Commented Mar 4, 2020 at 6:27
For the question (2), on querying the specific element from a nested array (array within array) you have to use Aggregation query. The find method's positional projection operator $ doesn't work with more than one-level nesting. The aggregation $project (or addFields) stage and $filter operator can be used for the query. — prasad_
– prasad_, Commented Mar 4, 2020 at 7:01
I added the aggregation query for the question (2). Note that I didn't use the $filter approach, as the output needed to be just the reply sub-document. The query uses the $unwind and $match stages to get the specific sub-document in the nested array. — prasad_
– prasad_, Commented Mar 4, 2020 at 7:42

prasad_ · Accepted Answer · 2020-03-04 07:53:25Z

(1) Update (pull) reply array element:

This code will update the document; that is removes the specific element (sub-document) from the reply array:

// Query criteria for topic and reply
String topicId = "5e5e4d4bb431502946c15342";
String topicReplyId = "07a0293a-22a1-45fb-9aa2-775fa24e9915";

MongoOperations mongoTemplate = new MongoTemplate(MongoClients.create(), "test");
Query query = Query.query(Criteria
                               .where("topic._topicId").is(topicId)
                               .and("topic.reply._replyId").is(topicReplyId));
Update update = new Update().pull("topic.$.reply", new Document("_replyId", topicReplyId));
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, "topics"); // "topics" is the collection name

[ EDIT ADD ]

(2) Aggregation query to get the reply document:

db.topics.aggregate( [
  { $unwind: "$topic" },
  { $match: { "topic._topicId": topicId } },
  { $unwind: "$topic.reply" },
  { $match: { "topic.reply._replyId": topicReplyId } },
  { $project: { _id: 0, reply: "$topic.reply" } }
] ).pretty()

This returns:

{
        "reply" : {
                "_replyId" : "07a0293a-22a1-45fb-9aa2-775fa24e9915",
                "username" : "test1",
                "content" : "reply1",
                "date" : 1583240955561
        }
}

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