How to plot a function with one variable for several parameter values?

Question

Good afternoon !

I have the following function of the variable n :

P(n) = 1-(1-p)^n

p is a parameter in the interval [0 , 1]

I'm wanting to plot this one dimentional function with several values of p , within the same plot :

p=seq(0 , 1 , 0.1 )

So i tried for p=0.1 and p=0.9 :

p=0.1

n <- seq(0, 100, 8) ;  y <- 1-(1-p)^n 

plot(n , y ,pch= 21,type = "o", col = "red", xlab = "n-values", ylab = "P(n) values ", main = "P(n)= 1-(1-p)^n ")

p=0.9

lines(n , 1-(1-p)^n , type="o", pch=16 , col="blue") 

legend(60 , 0.4, c("p=0.1","p=0.9"), cex=0.7, col=c("red", "blue"),pch=c(21, 16))

This gives :

The problem :

I'm searching an elegant way to plot this function for all values of p=seq(0,1,0.1) within the same plot . I'm wanting to delete the extrapolation effect ( I'm wanting to delete the pch symbols at all , the graph sould contains the curves with different colors and without the effect of extrapoling segments ).
I wish my question is clear.

Thank you for help in advance !

tpetzoldt · Accepted Answer · 2020-05-01 17:51:31Z

2

You can use outer and matplot, more x values and a suitable color scheme:

n <- seq(0, 100, length.out=200)
p <- seq(0.1, 1, 0.1)
f <- function(n, p) 1-(1-p)^n
M <- outer(n, p, "f")
col <- hcl.colors(length(p), "Spectral")
matplot(n, M, type = "l", col = col, lty = 1)
legend("bottomright", legend = p, col = col, lty = 1)

edited May 1, 2020 at 17:51

answered May 1, 2020 at 17:42

tpetzoldt

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6 Comments

Tou Mou Over a year ago

Error in hcl.colors(length(p), "Spectral") : could not find function "hcl.colors"

tpetzoldt Over a year ago

Which R version do you use? If it is an older one, try for example col <- topo.colors(length(p))

Tou Mou Over a year ago

"R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)"

tpetzoldt Over a year ago

These are the codes of topo colors. What do you want to tell with this?

Tou Mou Over a year ago

Nothing , i updated now my r version . Thank you for your precious help !

|

Martin Gal · Accepted Answer · 2020-05-01 17:50:52Z

2

Another simply way is replacing

lines(n , 1-(1-p)^n , type="o", pch=16 , col="blue")

with

p = seq(0,1,0.1)
invisible(lapply(p, function(i) {lines(n, 1-(1-i)^n, type="o", col=i*10)}))

answered May 1, 2020 at 17:50

Martin Gal

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