ESP32 changing clock frequency (C)

Question

I am programming an ESP32 with C (with the toolchain for ESP32) and I'm trying to change the clock frequency of my ESP32 but I'm quite unsure if I'm doing it right (I used the documenation https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-reference/system/power_management.html#_CPPv418esp_pm_lock_type_t but I didn't find any code examples). I think I've done the program part right but I think it still doesn't work. Is there a way to figure out the the clock frequency that is set? I'm also unsure about this part in documentation: "ESP_PM_CPU_FREQ_MAX Require CPU frequency to be at the maximum value set via esp_pm_configure. Argument is unused and should be set to 0." Does the last part mean I shouldn't use this makro?

Last but not least I didnt't understand if I have to change my sdkconfig or is there a way to do everything in C?

I have to measure for a project times in region of ns hence I need maximum performance of esp32.

Code:

// ____________________________________________________________________________
esp_pm_config_esp32_t config_clock_struct;

// ____________________________________________________________________________
esp_pm_config_esp32_t* pointer_config_clock = &config_clock_struct;

// ____________________________________________________________________________
esp_pm_lock_handle_t handle;
void config_clock(int max_cpu_freq, int min_cpu_freq, bool light_sleep_enable,
                  esp_pm_config_esp32_t* pointer_config_clock) {
  pointer_config_clock->max_freq_mhz = max_cpu_freq;
  pointer_config_clock->min_freq_mhz = min_cpu_freq;
  pointer_config_clock->light_sleep_enable = light_sleep_enable;
  esp_err_t status = esp_pm_configure(pointer_config_clock);
  if (status == ESP_OK) {
    return;
  } else if (status == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG) {
    printf("Error %d: Configuration values aren't correct.", status);
    exit(1);
  } else if (status == ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
    printf("Error %d: Combination of values aren't supported or CONFIG_PM_ENABLE isn't enabled in sdkconfig.",
           status);
    exit(1);
  }
}

// ____________________________________________________________________________
void init_clock(int max_cpu_freq, int min_cpu_freq, bool light_sleep_enable,
                esp_pm_lock_type_t lock_type, int arg, const char* name,
                esp_pm_config_esp32_t* pointer_config_clock, esp_pm_lock_handle_t* out_handle) {
  config_clock(max_cpu_freq, min_cpu_freq, light_sleep_enable, pointer_config_clock);
  esp_err_t status = esp_pm_lock_create(lock_type, arg, name, out_handle);
  if (status == ESP_OK) {
  return;
  } else if (status == ESP_ERR_NO_MEM) {
    printf("Error %d: Struct can't allocated.", status);
  } else if (status == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG) {
    printf("Error: %d: Invalid arguments.", status);
  } else if(ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED == status) {
    printf("Error %d: config pm is not enabled in sdkconfig.", status);
  }
}

And the relevant part of the main function:

#define MAX_FREQUENCY 240
#define MIN_FREQUENCY 40
#define DISABLE_SLEEP 0
  init_clock(MAX_FREQUENCY, MIN_FREQUENCY, DISABLE_SLEEP, ESP_PM_CPU_FREQ_MAX, ESP_PM_CPU_FREQ_MAX,
             "measure mode", pointer_config_clock, &handle);
  esp_err_t status_acquire = esp_pm_lock_acquire(handle);

Please edit your question and post your code. See: stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example — Craig Estey
– Craig Estey, Commented Oct 29, 2020 at 23:15
Just a guess: A websearch on an AND of: max_freq_mhz min_freq_mhz light_sleep_enable yielded amongst other things: programmersought.com/article/97514225639 and look at: ESP_PM_CPU_FREQ_MAX et. al. You're already using that, but what about: ESP_PM_APB_FREQ_MAX? That page also uses the esp_pm_configure function. In [your] main, how is pointer_config_clock set up. Does it point to the global (i.e. any uninited fields should be zeroed). Maybe, using memset(ptr,0,sizeof(esp_pm_config_esp32_t)); to be sure. — Craig Estey
– Craig Estey, Commented Oct 29, 2020 at 23:53
But, from the web search, a possible tutorial: git.card10.badge.events.ccc.de/card10/micropython/blob/… Note that it loops waiting for frequency to change. — Craig Estey
– Craig Estey, Commented Oct 29, 2020 at 23:54
Thank you very much! Now it works. And the gitlab example is very helpfully. The problem was only that I missed a while-loop to check if the new frequency is achieved (because I ignored that changing frequency needs a little bit time). — Pointer
– Pointer, Commented Oct 30, 2020 at 12:35

sideshowbarker · Accepted Answer · 2023-05-20 22:16:41Z

When one changes MCU clock frequency it alters all frequency dependent buses. For instance UART and I2C. Here's a neat hack to demonstrate how changing of clock frequency affects serial.print output. Mind you calculated Serial baud rates differ for each clock speed set.

//function takes the following frequencies as valid values:
//  240, 160, 80    <<< For all XTAL types
//  40, 20, 10      <<< For 40MHz XTAL
//  26, 13          <<< For 26MHz XTAL
//  24, 12          <<< For 24MHz XTAL


// 32Bit MCUs . change for 16bit 
    uint32_t Freq = 0;
    int MCU_FREQUENCY_SERIAL_SPEED=115200;
    int SERIAL_DEFAULT_SPEED = 115200;
    
    void changeMcuFreq(int Freq){
      delay(500);
      setCpuFrequencyMhz(Freq);
      changeSerialBaudRate(Freq);
      delay(500);
    } 
    
    void serialMcuFreq(){
      Freq = getCpuFrequencyMhz();
      Serial.print("CPU Freq = ");
      Serial.print(Freq);
      Serial.println(" MHz");
      Freq = getXtalFrequencyMhz();
      Serial.print("XTAL Freq = ");
      Serial.print(Freq);
      Serial.println(" MHz");
      Freq = getApbFrequency();
      Serial.print("APB Freq = ");
      Serial.print(Freq/1000000);
      Serial.println(" MHz");  
    }
    
    void changeSerialBaudRate(uint32_t Freq){
        if (Freq < 80) {
          MCU_FREQUENCY_SERIAL_SPEED = 80 / Freq * SERIAL_DEFAULT_SPEED;
        }
        else {
          MCU_FREQUENCY_SERIAL_SPEED = SERIAL_DEFAULT_SPEED;
        }
        // Dont do the 4 lines below or it will crash the ESP32 device
        // Serial.end();
        // delay(1000);
        // Serial.begin(MCU_FREQUENCY_SERIAL_SPEED);
        //delay(1000);
        
        Serial.print("\nSerial Baud Rate Speed is ");
        Serial.println(MCU_FREQUENCY_SERIAL_SPEED);
    }
    
    
    void setup()
    {
    
      Serial.begin(MCU_FREQUENCY_SERIAL_SPEED);
      
    }
     
    void loop()
    {
      changeMcuFreq(240);
      serialMcuFreq();    
      delay(2000);
      
      changeMcuFreq(160);
      serialMcuFreq();    
      delay(2000);
    
      changeMcuFreq(80);
      serialMcuFreq();    
      delay(2000);
    
      changeMcuFreq(40);
      serialMcuFreq();    
      delay(2000);
    
      changeMcuFreq(20);
      serialMcuFreq();    
      delay(2000);
    
      changeMcuFreq(10);
      serialMcuFreq();    
      delay(2000);
    
    }

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