I'm still learning how to use classes and I was wondering when should I use the extends keyword (extend a class).
Let's say I have a class that does thing A (and it's a singleton). Is it ok to extend it to another one that does thing B, even if class B is not really related to class A, but it uses a lot of its methods? Or should I create a new class?
When it comes to Object-Oriented programming generally a class does a specific task, such as hold user information, or input / output control.
When you have let's say 1 object that is used to control the output, you can set a method within that object to control the output type, or how a each specific content should be handled, but that would mean that the objects sole purpose has been broken, as it's now not just sending content, but it's also manipulating content depending on it's type.
A way in which we use to over come this is by grouping a set of tasks into a group of classes / objects, example:
abstract class Output
{
public $content_type = 'text/plain';
public function _send(){}
}
The output class would obviously have much more methods but only methods related to ouputting content, such as headers etc, and not the manipulation of the content, then you would have something like:
class HTMLOutput extends Output
{
public $content_type = 'text/html';
}
and for the manipulation of the content:
class CSSOutput extends Output
{
public $content_type = 'text/css';
public _send()
{
if($_SERVER['APP']['Settings']['CSSCompress'] == '1')
{
$this->_compress_css();
}
parent::_send();
}
private function _compress_css()
{
$this->content = ; //Some compression lib
}
}
This is the main architecture points that I abide by when creating and organizing many grouped classes / objects.
In object-oriented programming, a class should extend another class generally if it's a special type of that class with more specific uses.
Example: class Bike extends Automobile
Bad Example: class Car extends Bike (may share similar methods, but this doesn't really make sense)
Make sure you create a new static members for storing singleton instance and overload the getInstance() method. If not then you will end up accessing A instance even when you call B::getinstance() since there would be only one static member for both class.
Extends should be for example used if you want to access private variables by both classes. If you could show your work, we could tell you what should/shouldn't you do.
$this->do_stuff() instead of A::getInstance()->do_stuff() looks nicer
private members are only accessible to the class implementing them. And usually they are private for a reason. It is called encapsulation, go read up on it.