Yes, you can use JSON serialization. Since 2.6, Python has the json module in the standard library, and using it is really simple:
>>> import json
>>> json.dumps(['foo', {'bar': ('baz', None, 1.0, 2)}])
'["foo", {"bar": ["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]'
You can place this string in a file. Later you can read it back into a Python data structure with json.loads.
However, I'd also like to separately address this quote from your question:
I don't want to manually code up a lot
of data structures for my tests and
I'd rather create some template
structures where I can edit manually.
If this is for testing purposes, I would seriously consider staying in the domain of Python code & data structures, and generate test data on the fly with Python code. The specifics of this are very much dependent on the exact nature of your data, but writing such data structures manually is a not a welcome task. You'll become bored too quickly to get good coverage of your code.