How to add another python project to my project as a sub-model?

Question

I copied python project B to my project A as a model. But B's include path is just based on B. So how can I call B's function from A. For example,

.
└── mypackage A
    ├── subpackage_1
    │   ├── test11.py
    │   └── test12.py
    ├── subpackage_2
    │   ├── test21.py
    │   └── test22.py
    └── subpackage B
        ├── test31.py
        └── test32.py

test31.py may include test32.py by

import test32

But from A's prospective, I should include it by

import B.test32

In fact, B is more complex than this example. How can I refactor it?

manzt · Accepted Answer · 2020-12-22 11:20:49Z

1

first make module using __init__.py in B then try this:

from B.test32 import 'function Name'

and then call it.

answered Dec 22, 2020 at 11:20

manzt

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Comments

Countour-Integral · Accepted Answer · 2020-12-22 11:37:06Z

As @Wàlid Bachri said, you should start placing __init__.py files, but it is a bit more complex than than. You must put those __init__.py files, in each directory. So it would Look something like this.

.
└── mypackage A
    ├── __init__.py # here under A
    ├── subpackage_1
    |   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── test11.py
    │   └── test12.py
    ├── subpackage_2
    |   ├── __init__.py # under package 2
    │   ├── test21.py
    │   └── test22.py
    └── subpackage B 
        ├── __init__.py # under package B
        ├── test31.py
        └── test32.py

In each of the __init__.py files, you need to import all the files in the same directory. So for example in subpackage B you need to do this.

#/subpackage B/__init__.py
from . import test31
from . import test32

in mypackage A, where there are no files, just directories, you also do the same thing (from . import subpackage_2 etc).

If I suppose that mypackage A is the "main" package (as can be seen by your diargam), so it is not a submodule, to run any file you will need to execute the following.

First cd to the parent directory of mypackage A and then

# Suppose you want to execute /subpackage_1/test11
python -m mypackage_A.subpackage_1.test11 # WARNING mypackage A should have no whitespace

You may get a RuntimeWarning about your sys.modules being modified, but I can assure you, from experience, that you can safely ignore it. This is how python modules for pip are normally done, to ensure that pushing to production is easy.

EDIT : Also note that in all of your files, you should switch to package imports for relative imports, so you must use the dot syntax.

from . import test32 # this will import .test32

if you were to instead to import test32 from test31, the interpeter would try to search for a global package named test32 and not look in the same directory.

Walid · Accepted Answer · 2020-12-22 11:07:58Z

0

Simply add an empty python file called __init__.py to your B project to make Python treat this project as a normal python module.

answered Dec 22, 2020 at 11:07

Walid

7285 silver badges13 bronze badges

2 Comments

Snoopy Over a year ago

No, it doesn't work. I'm afraid about the import path.

Walid Over a year ago

Try this from B import test32

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