You can achieve this setup using grid/flex. Using one or the other depends on your content.
Grid:
Create a three-by-two grid using grid-cols-3 and grid-rows-2 on the grid's container. Then, set each container's span to fit your structure (using col-span-n row-span-n).
Read about grid-cols here and about grid-row here.
<div class="border-2 grid grid-cols-3 grid-rows-2">
<div class="border-2 col-span-1">1</div>
<div class="border-2 col-span-2 row-span-2">2</div>
<div class="border-2 col-span-1">3</div>
<div>

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Flex:
We are going to have two containers. The main container will wrap all the elements (including the second container), and the inner container will wrap your first two elements. Each of those containers will have a flex utility applied to it.
Then, we will apply flex-col on the second container. This way, the container will place its children on top of each other, just like the first column of your image.
The first container's default flex-direction is flex-row which is why the inner container and the third element will be positioned next to each other, just like a row.
To give the structure a proportion similar to your image, we can set the inner container's width to 30% (w-[30%]), and the third element to 70% (w-[70%]).
Read about flex-direction here.
<div class="flex border-2">
<div class="flex w-[30%] flex-col">
<div class="border-2">1</div>
<div class="border-2">2</div>
</div>
<div class="w-[70%] border-2">3</div>
<div></div>
</div>

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