Explaining Matplotlib Animation Script in Python: Constructing a Sine Wave Curve

Can someone explain this Python code to me?

I'm trying to understand the inner workings of this code, which generates an animated plot using Matplotlib. Here's a breakdown of what each part does:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.animation as animation 
from matplotlib.patches import ConnectionPatch 
import os


desktop_path = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), "Desktop")


fig, (axl, axr) = plt.subplots(
    ncols=2,
    sharey=True,
    figsize=(12, 4),
    gridspec_kw=dict(width_ratios=[1, 3], wspace=0.1),
)
axl.set_aspect(1)
axr.set_box_aspect(1 / 3)
axr.yaxis.set_visible(False)
axr.xaxis.set_ticks([0, np.pi, 2 * np.pi], ["0", r"$\pi$", r"$2\pi$"])


theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 50)
axl.plot(np.cos(theta), np.sin(theta), "k", lw=1)
point, = axl.plot(0, 0, "o", color='red')


sine, = axr.plot(theta, np.sin(theta), color='blue')


con = ConnectionPatch(
    (1, 0),
    (0, 0),
    "data",
    "data",
    axesA=axl,
    axesB=axr,
    color="C0",
    ls="dotted",
)
fig.add_artist(con)


def animate(i):
    x = np.linspace(0, i, int(i * 25 / np.pi))
    sine.set_data(x, np.sin(x))
    x, y = np.cos(i), np.sin(i)
    point.set_data([x], [y])
    con.xy1 = x, y
    con.xy2 = i, y
    return point, sine, con


fps = 60
duration = 5  
total_frames = fps * duration

frames = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, total_frames)
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(
    fig,
    animate,
    frames=frames,
    interval=1000/fps,  
    blit=False,
    repeat=True,
)


output_path = os.path.join(desktop_path, "animation_seno-2.mp4")


Writer = animation.writers['ffmpeg']
writer = Writer(fps=fps, metadata=dict(artist='Lenin'), bitrate=1800)
ani.save(output_path, writer=writer)

plt.show()

This script creates two subplots: on the left, it draws a circle with a red point that moves along it; on the right, it plots the sine function. A dotted line connects the two plots. The animation runs for 5 seconds at 60 frames per second (fps), showing the movement of the point and the updating sine curve.

I would appreciate any insights into how each part of this code contributes to the animation's behavior. Thank you!