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Suppose that your domain is domain.com and you have the following directories and files

- index.php
<panel>
- panel.php
<css>
- style.css
<js>
- jQuery.js

In index.php you may call a css file like "css/style.css" or "domain.com/css/style.css"
In panel.php you may call a js file like "../js/jQuery.js" or "domain.com/js/jQuery.js"

What is the best method to use? css/style.css or domain.com/css/style.css ?
Does it make any difference? I am asking because in my case it will help me to use the domain.com/css/style.css but is it treated as an external file that may reduce perfomance?

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6 Answers 6

Reset to default
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you can even include all sources with //. means 

<script src="//js/jquery.js"></script

the Browser takes http or https automaticly. So the Source can be included for both Ports without any Errors

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2 Comments

Whats the benefit of // instead of /?
// is an absolute Path like http:// or https:// but the Protocol is choosen by the Browser in coordination with the HTML Document
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css/style.css will navigate to a folder relative to your current one. If you are in the original index.php, it will work. If you are in /subfolder/somepage.php, it will not work because it will try to get your css file from /subfolder/css/style.css.

domain.com/css/style.css will always work, provided you do not change domain name.

/css/style.css is the most generic: regardless of your domain, your page will always navigate from the website root to /css/style.css

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None. There can be a speed difference factor if the css file is on a different physical server, but the way you refer to the file in your index.php will make no difference at all.
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You can also use :

/css/style.css

it is an absolute path, but in the same domain

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css and javascripts are usually cached by browsers
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As long as there is no http:// in front of it, it should be treated as a folder in every browser

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I thought, domain.com/css/style.css is just a subdir.
No, domain.com... is the absolute link
Sorry for that. Then jerjer answer should be the right answer.
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Does it make any difference?

Yes, primarily regarding maintainability. If a file i moved you'll need to recalculate all references for relative links (e.g., ../js/jQuery.js) while absolute links (e.g., http://domain.com/js/jQuery.js - or simply /js/jQuery.js) can be left unchanged.

I am asking because in my case it will help me to use the domain.com/css/style.css but is it treated as an external file that may reduce perfomance?

No, as long as the host is the same the client (browser) should treat it as a "local" link (none of which should directly affect performance, though).

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@mtopia Yes. domain.com/css/style.css is a relative reference (pointing to ./domain.com/css/style.css where . is the current directory), while http://domain.com/css/style.css is an absolute reference. From the imaginary page located at http://domain.com/subdir/page.ext, domain.com/css/style.css will point to htto://domain.com/subdir/domain.com/css/style.css while http://domain.com/css/style.css will point to just that.
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For usual I call it with an absolut path like /css/style.css.

Doing so you don't have to worry about changing the domain name in some time (like moving vom dev to production) or from which file (index.php, /panel/panel.php) your calling.

Also be sure to not include a protocol scheme (like http://), if you would switch to https:// the browser would claim some unsafe content, for example.

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