Automatically populate a timestamp field in PostgreSQL when a new row is inserted

You'll need to write an insert trigger, and possible an update trigger if you want it to change when the record is changed. This article explains it quite nicely:

http://www.revsys.com/blog/2006/aug/04/automatically-updating-a-timestamp-column-in-postgresql/

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_modified_column()   
RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
BEGIN
    NEW.modified = now();
    RETURN NEW;   
END;
$$ language 'plpgsql';

Apply the trigger like this:

CREATE TRIGGER update_customer_modtime BEFORE UPDATE ON customer FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE  update_modified_column();

Updating timestamp, only if the values changed

Based on E.J's link and add a if statement from this link (https://stackoverflow.com/a/3084254/1526023)

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_modified_column()
RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
BEGIN
   IF row(NEW.*) IS DISTINCT FROM row(OLD.*) THEN
      NEW.modified = now(); 
      RETURN NEW;
   ELSE
      RETURN OLD;
   END IF;
END;
$$ language 'plpgsql';

Using 'now()' as default value automatically generates time-stamp.

To automatically update the timestamp field in PostgresSQL whenever a new row is inserted, you can set the current_timestamp as its default value:

CREATE TABLE users (
    id serial not null,
    firstname varchar(100),
    middlename varchar(100),
    lastname varchar(100),
    email varchar(200),
    timestamp timestamp default current_timestamp
)

In addition to this, you might want to prevent anyone from updating this field in the future, and this can be done by creating an update trigger and applying it:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION stop_change_on_timestamp()
  RETURNS trigger AS
$BODY$
BEGIN
  -- always reset the timestamp to the old value ("actual creation time")
  NEW.timestamp := OLD.timestamp;
  RETURN NEW;
END;
$BODY$

CREATE TRIGGER prevent_timestamp_changes
  BEFORE UPDATE
  ON users
  FOR EACH ROW
  EXECUTE PROCEDURE stop_change_on_timestamp();

For update and Liquibase YAML:

databaseChangeLog:
  - changeSet:
      id: CREATE FUNCTION set_now_to_timestamp
      author: Konstantin Chvilyov
      changes:
        - sql:
            sql: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION set_now_to_timestamp() RETURNS TRIGGER LANGUAGE plpgsql AS 'BEGIN NEW.timestamp = NOW(); RETURN NEW; END;'

  - changeSet:
      id: CREATE TRIGGER update_users_set_now_to_timestamp
      author: Konstantin Chvilyov
      changes:
        - sql:
            sql: CREATE TRIGGER update_users_set_now_to_timestamp BEFORE UPDATE ON users FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE set_now_to_timestamp();