How do I, in a shell script, create a file called foo.conf and make it contain:
NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1
# Default
<VirtualHost 127.0.0.1>
ServerName localhost
DocumentRoot "C:/wamp/www"
</VirtualHost>
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4 Answers
Use a "here document":
cat > foo.conf << EOF
NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1
# Default
<VirtualHost 127.0.0.1>
ServerName localhost
DocumentRoot "C:/wamp/www"
</VirtualHost>
EOF
4 Comments
Ellery Familia
@ams Can one have variables that get interpreted within the document?
ams
Yes. How it's interpreted depends on what quotes you put around the
EOF.
Sputnik
For those using it inside an indented code section, the text and the final EOF should not be indented and be at the beginning of the line.
stwr667
Example of variable interpolation. Variable declaration earlier in file:
my_var="foo". Reference inside EOF heredoc: $my_var will resolve to foo.You can do that with echo:
echo 'NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1
# Default
<VirtualHost 127.0.0.1>
ServerName localhost
DocumentRoot "C:/wamp/www"
</VirtualHost>' > foo.conf
Everything enclosed by single quotes are interpreted as literals, so you just write that block into a file called foo.conf. If it doesn't exist, it will be created. If it does exist, it will be overwritten.
a heredoc might be the simplest way:
cat <<END >foo.conf
NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1
# Default
<VirtualHost 127.0.0.1>
ServerName localhost
DocumentRoot "C:/wamp/www"
</VirtualHost>
END
1 Comment
András Aszódi
Same as the accepted answer with the only difference that it shows that the
<<END delimiter can come before the redirection >foo.conf. Which version one finds more readable is a matter of personal preference of course.This code fitted best for me:
sudo dd of=foo.conf << EOF
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/localhost
</VirtualHost>
EOF
It was the only one I could use with sudo out of the box!
