printf()/fprintf() issues in Linux, UTF-8 encoding

So i'm running this code:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    system("chcp 1252 > nul"); // makes system accept latin characters
    int i = 0;
    for(i = 0; i < 256; i++){
        printf("%i:\t%c\n", i, (char)i);
    }
    return 0;
}

This printed to console window all characters from extended ascii table.

I now am using linux and hoped to achieve the same result. I am aware that linux does not use extended ASCII table. Thus i have made sure the file is encoded to UTF-8, which have worked for me before. I am using code::blocks runing console applications to gnome terminal, also set to UTF-8. But my output is not what i expected:

33: !
34: "
35: #
36: $
37: %
38: &
39: '
40: (
41: )
42: *
43: +
...
69: E
70: F
71: G
72: H
73: I
...
103:    g
104:    h
105:    i
106:    j
107:    k
108:    l
...
127:    
128:    �
129:    �
...    
254:    �
255:    �

What am I missing here.. there has to be a way to do it. I have tried many solutions so far, one of them being:

...
#include <locale.h>

int main()
{
    setlocale(LC_ALL,"portuguese");
    ...
}

but so far, this has been to no avail. Any help is appreciated

Edit 1: Ok! I got to print UTF-8 encoded chars to terminal. But printing to file is not working like i expected. Using wchar.h and locale.h as such:

#include <locale.h>
#include <wchar.h>

int main(){
    setlocale(LC_ALL,"");

    wint_t index = 0;

    FILE* fpinout = fopen("UTF-8.txt","w");
    for(index = 0; index < 0x200; index++){
        printf("%i:\t%lc\n", index, index); //works fine, prints utf-8 chars to terminal
        fprintf(fpinout,"%i\t%lc", index, index); //does not work, output is wierd
    }
    fclose(fpinout);
}

I tried to use index there both as wint_t and wchar_t. My UTF-8.txt file looks like this:

र㄀ĉल㌂̉ऴ㔄ԉश㜆܉स㤈उ〱ਉㄱଉ㈱ఉ㌱ഉ㐱ฉ㔱༉㘱ဉ㜱ᄉ㠱ሉ㤱ጉ〲ᐉㄲᔉ㈲ᘉ㌲ᜉ㐲᠉㔲ᤉ㘲ᨉ㜲ᬉ㠲ᰉ㤲ᴉ〳ḉㄳἉ㈳ ㌳℉㐳∉㔳⌉㘳␉㜳
┉㠳☉㤳✉〴⠉ㄴ⤉㈴⨉㌴⬉㐴Ⰹ㔴ⴉ㘴⸉㜴⼉㠴〉㤴ㄉ〵㈉ㄵ㌉㈵㐉㌵㔉㐵㘉㔵㜉㘵㠉㜵㤉㠵㨉㤵㬉〶㰉ㄶ㴉㈶㸉㌶㼉㐶䀉㔶䄉㘶䈉
㜶䌉㠶䐉㤶䔉〷䘉ㄷ䜉㈷䠉㌷䤉㐷䨉㔷䬉㘷䰉㜷䴉㠷三㤷伉〸倉ㄸ儉㈸刉㌸匉㐸吉㔸唉㘸嘉㜸圉㠸堉㤸変〹娉ㄹ嬉㈹尉㌹崉㐹帉
㔹弉㘹怉㜹愉㠹戉㤹按〱रㅤ㄰攉〱लㅦ㌰有〱ऴㅨ㔰椉〱शㅪ㜰欉〱सㅬ㤰洉ㄱरㅮㄱ漉ㄱलㅰ㌱焉ㄱऴㅲ㔱猉ㄱशㅴ㜱甉ㄱसㅶ㤱眉
㈱रㅸㄲ礉㈱लㅺ㌲笉㈱ऴㅼ㔲紉㈱शㅾ㜲缉㈱स胂㈱ह臂㌱र苂㌱ऱ菂㌱ल蓂㌱ळ藂㌱ऴ蛂㌱व蟂㌱श裂㌱ष观㌱स諂㌱ह诂㐱र賂㐱ऱ跂㐱ल軂㐱
ळ迂㐱ऴ郂㐱व釂㐱श鋂㐱ष鏂㐱स铂㐱ह闂㔱र雂㔱ऱ韂㔱ल飂㔱ळ駂㔱ऴ髂㔱व鯂㔱श鳂㔱ष鷂㔱स黂㔱ह鿂㘱रꃂ㘱ऱꇂ㘱लꋂ㘱ळꏂ㘱ऴ꓂
㘱वꗂ㘱शꛂ㘱षꟂ㘱सꣂ㘱ह꧂㜱रꫂ㜱ऱꯂ㜱ल곂㜱ळ귂㜱ऴ껂㜱व꿂㜱श냂㜱ष뇂㜱स닂㜱ह돂㠱र듂㠱ऱ뗂㠱ल뛂㠱ळ럂㠱ऴ룂㠱व맂㠱श뫂
㠱ष믂㠱स볂㠱ह뷂㤱र뻂㤱ऱ뿂㤱ल胃㤱ळ臃㤱ऴ苃㤱व菃㤱श蓃㤱ष藃㤱स蛃㤱ह蟃〲र裃〲ऱ觃〲ल諃〲ळ诃〲ऴ賃〲व跃〲श軃〲ष迃〲स郃〲ह
釃ㄲर鋃ㄲऱ鏃ㄲल铃ㄲळ闃ㄲऴ雃ㄲव韃ㄲश飃ㄲष駃ㄲस髃ㄲह鯃㈲र鳃㈲ऱ鷃㈲ल黃㈲ळ鿃㈲ऴꃃ㈲वꇃ㈲शꋃ㈲षꏃ㈲स꓃㈲हꗃ㌲रꛃ㌲ऱꟃ㌲
लꣃ㌲ळ꧃㌲ऴ꫃㌲वꯃ㌲श곃㌲ष귃㌲स껃㌲ह꿃㐲र냃㐲ऱ뇃㐲ल닃㐲ळ돃㐲ऴ듃㐲व뗃㐲श뛃㐲ष럃㐲स룃㐲ह맃㔲र뫃㔲ऱ믃㔲ल볃㔲ळ뷃㔲ऴ뻃
㔲व뿃 

Any help is appreciated.