information_schema is a SQL-standard thing, and the SQL standard has no notion of materialized views, which is why they don't show up. You can use \d+ in psql to get a view definition, including of information_schema.view_table_usages, which is itself a view. Then all you need to do is change the filtered relkind from v (for views) to m (for materialized views).
psql (12.4 (Debian 12.4-1+build2))
Type "help" for help.
testdb=# create table t as select c from generate_series(1, 3) c;
SELECT 3
testdb=# create view vt as select * from t;
CREATE VIEW
testdb=# create materialized view mvt as select * from t;
SELECT 3
testdb=# \d+ information_schema.view_table_usage
View "information_schema.view_table_usage"
Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default | Storage | Description
---------------+-----------------------------------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+-------------
view_catalog | information_schema.sql_identifier | | | | plain |
view_schema | information_schema.sql_identifier | | | | plain |
view_name | information_schema.sql_identifier | | | | plain |
table_catalog | information_schema.sql_identifier | | | | plain |
table_schema | information_schema.sql_identifier | | | | plain |
table_name | information_schema.sql_identifier | | | | plain |
View definition:
SELECT DISTINCT current_database()::information_schema.sql_identifier AS view_catalog,
nv.nspname::information_schema.sql_identifier AS view_schema,
v.relname::information_schema.sql_identifier AS view_name,
current_database()::information_schema.sql_identifier AS table_catalog,
nt.nspname::information_schema.sql_identifier AS table_schema,
t.relname::information_schema.sql_identifier AS table_name
FROM pg_namespace nv,
pg_class v,
pg_depend dv,
pg_depend dt,
pg_class t,
pg_namespace nt
WHERE nv.oid = v.relnamespace AND v.relkind = 'v'::"char" AND v.oid = dv.refobjid AND dv.refclassid = 'pg_class'::regclass::oid AND dv.classid = 'pg_rewrite'::regclass::oid AND dv.deptype = 'i'::"char" AND dv.objid = dt.objid AND dv.refobjid <> dt.refobjid AND dt.classid = 'pg_rewrite'::regclass::oid AND dt.refclassid = 'pg_class'::regclass::oid AND dt.refobjid = t.oid AND t.relnamespace = nt.oid AND (t.relkind = ANY (ARRAY['r'::"char", 'v'::"char", 'f'::"char", 'p'::"char"])) AND pg_has_role(t.relowner, 'USAGE'::text);
testdb=# SELECT DISTINCT current_database()::information_schema.sql_identifier AS view_catalog,
nv.nspname::information_schema.sql_identifier AS view_schema,
v.relname::information_schema.sql_identifier AS view_name,
current_database()::information_schema.sql_identifier AS table_catalog,
nt.nspname::information_schema.sql_identifier AS table_schema,
t.relname::information_schema.sql_identifier AS table_name
FROM pg_namespace nv,
pg_class v,
pg_depend dv,
pg_depend dt,
pg_class t,
pg_namespace nt
WHERE nv.oid = v.relnamespace AND v.relkind = 'm'::"char" AND v.oid = dv.refobjid AND dv.refclassid = 'pg_class'::regclass::oid AND dv.classid = 'pg_rewrite'::regclass::oid AND dv.deptype = 'i'::"char" AND dv.objid = dt.objid AND dv.refobjid <> dt.refobjid AND dt.classid = 'pg_rewrite'::regclass::oid AND dt.refclassid = 'pg_class'::regclass::oid AND dt.refobjid = t.oid AND t.relnamespace = nt.oid AND (t.relkind = ANY (ARRAY['r'::"char", 'v'::"char", 'f'::"char", 'p'::"char"])) AND pg_has_role(t.relowner, 'USAGE'::text) ;
view_catalog | view_schema | view_name | table_catalog | table_schema | table_name
--------------+-------------+-----------+---------------+--------------+------------
testdb | public | mvt | testdb | public | t
(1 row)