Python subplot and image size

Question

What I am doing wrong to get the two figures side by side and both 10x10? One on top of the other would also be okay.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

def f(x, y):
    return np.sin(x)*np.sin(y)

x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 100)
y = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 100)

X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
Z = f(X, Y)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(20,10))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1,2,1)#    subplot(nrows, ncols, plot_number)
ax1 = plt.axes(projection='3d')
ax1.view_init(20, 25)
ax1.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap='RdGy', edgecolor='none')
ax1.set_xlabel('x')
ax1.set_ylabel('y')
ax1.set_zlabel('z')

ax2 = fig.add_subplot(1,2,2)
ax2.contourf(X, Y, Z, 40, cmap='RdGy')
ax2.axis('equal')

plt.show()

Then the right image is a square, which will be correct, but it is still over the first image. I'll edit my question. — Red-Cloud
– Red-Cloud, Commented Jan 30, 2021 at 16:01

Jay Patel · Accepted Answer · 2021-01-30 17:23:19Z

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

def f(x, y):
    return np.sin(x)*np.sin(y)

x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 100)
y = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 100)

X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
Z = f(X, Y)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(20,10))

ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 1, projection='3d')
ax.view_init(20, 25)
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap='RdGy', edgecolor='none')
ax.set_xlabel('x')
ax.set_ylabel('y')
ax.set_zlabel('z')

ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 2)
ax.contourf(X, Y, Z, 40, cmap='RdGy')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

You can also plot both in single plot, refer below code.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

def f(x, y):
    return np.sin(x)*np.sin(y)

x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 100)
y = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 100)

X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
Z = f(X, Y)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15,10))

ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1, projection='3d')
ax.view_init(20, 25)
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap='autumn_r', lw=0.5,edgecolor='black', rstride=1, cstride=1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, cmap="autumn_r", linestyles="solid", offset=-1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, colors="k", linestyles="solid")
ax.set_xlabel('x')
ax.set_ylabel('y')
ax.set_zlabel('z')

If a add transparency to the surface facets then I can see the contours, but it looks really cluttered (see code and image below)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

def f(x, y):
    return np.sin(x)*np.sin(y)

x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 100)
y = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 100)

X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
Z = f(X, Y)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15,10))

ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1, projection='3d')
ax.view_init(45, 35)
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap='autumn_r', lw=0.5, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.5)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, cmap="autumn_r", linestyles="solid", offset=-1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, colors="b", linestyles="solid")
ax.set_xlabel('x')
ax.set_ylabel('y')
ax.set_zlabel('z')

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