PHP - Issue matching in string with preg_match

Question

I have a string that contains a list of comma separated values.

eg: $sitelist = 'SC001rug,SC002nw,SC003nrge';

I'm using preg_match to check if a site is in this string and then return the characters after the ID.

$siteId='SC001';

if ( preg_match( "/$siteId(.+?),/", $sitelist, $matches ) ) {
    var_dump( $matches );
} else {
    echo "no match";
}

Using this it returns the results correctly:

array(2) { [0]=> string(9) "SC001rug," [1]=> string(3) "rug" }

However if $sitelist doesn't contain the trailing comma the match doesn't happen correctly.

$sitelist = 'SC001rug'; Results in 'no match'

If I remove the comma from the preg_match command it only returns the first character.

if ( preg_match( "/$siteId(.+?)/", $sitelist, $matches ) ) {

results in :

array(2) { [0]=> string(6) "SC001r" [1]=> string(1) "r" }

How do I right the preg_match so it will match with and without the trailing comma.

Thanks

Related: php search on string comma separated and get element that match and Match whole word from partial-word search string — mickmackusa
– mickmackusa ♦, Commented Apr 25, 2024 at 11:36
Is this task about validating the existence of the prefix string? Or is it about extracting the full word if the prefix is found? — mickmackusa
– mickmackusa ♦, Commented Apr 25, 2024 at 11:46

Jiří Přemyslovský · Accepted Answer · 2024-04-24 10:09:07Z

2

Assuming the characters after the ID are always lower case or upper case letters, you can use this:

preg_match( "/$siteId([a-zA-Z]+)/", $sitelist, $matches )

answered Apr 24, 2024 at 10:09

Jiří Přemyslovský

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4 Comments

Tom Over a year ago

Thanks I will try this. The characters are always lower case.

Jiří Přemyslovský Over a year ago

Then you can simply use regex like this: "/$siteId([a-z]+)/"

Tom Over a year ago

Thanks. This seems to work, is there any benefit over the suggestion by @hNczy ?

Jiří Přemyslovský Over a year ago

I don’t know your specific use case but as you stated, you want to omit the comma in regex, solution by @hNczy doesn’t omit the comma so in my opinion, his solution isn’t correct, even though it works.

The fourth bird · Accepted Answer · 2024-04-25 10:53:28Z

You could make use of \K and match 1 or more non whitespace characters excluding a comma instead of using a capture group. If you don't want to cross a newline, you could use [^\n,]+ instead of [^\s,]+

SC001\K[^\s,]+

Regex demo | PHP demo

If you only want to match lowercase characters:

SC001\K[a-z]+

For your current $siteId that you are going to use as part of your regex you don't need it, but note that you can make use of preg_quote that "puts a backslash in front of every character that is part of the regular expression syntax".

$sitelist = 'SC001rug,SC002nw,SC003nrge';
$siteId = preg_quote('SC001', '/');
$regex = "/$siteId\K[^\s,]+/";

if (preg_match($regex, $sitelist, $matches)) {
    var_export($matches);
} else {
    echo "no match";
}

Output

array (
  0 => 'rug',
)

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