boost stacktrace out empty source file and line num

The standard backend on linuxen is backtrace_light:

In header only mode library could be tuned by macro. If one of the link macro from above is defined, you have to manually link with one of the libraries: [...] (docs)

So, to get more support you might want to switch to addr2line if your system has it, or switch to libbacktrace. Here's some live demonstrations of the differences (and also demonstrating the effect of debug information):

It shows, in order:

1. build of your exact program without libbacktrace or configuration;

   the output is as your question shows

2. adding libbacktrace to the linked libraries;

   the output shows it is not installed

3. adding libbacktrace to the shell environment;

   compilation passes but output is still lacking all info

4. adding -DBOOST_STACKTRACE_USE_BACKTRACE to the compiler flags to configure Boost Stacktrace to use the backend we want;

   output is now showing promise! Just our functions have no file/line information

5. enabling debug information (by adding -g or -ggdb options);

Now output is complete:

Error: An error occurred!
Stack Trace:
  throw_err(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&) at /home/sehe/Projects/stackoverflow/test.cpp:13
  main at /home/sehe/Projects/stackoverflow/test.cpp:26
  __libc_start_call_main at :0
  __libc_start_main at :0
  _start at :0

The used files for reference:

• File test.cpp

   #include <boost/stacktrace.hpp>
   #include <iostream>
   #include <stdexcept>
  
   struct CustomException : std::runtime_error {
       CustomException(std::string const& msg) : std::runtime_error(msg) {}
   };
  
   void throw_err(std::string const& err_msg) {
       boost::stacktrace::stacktrace trace;
  
       // Formulate the error message
       std::string full_msg = "Error: " + err_msg + "\n";
  
       full_msg += "Stack Trace:\n";
       for (auto const& frame : trace) {
           full_msg += "  " + frame.name() + " at " + frame.source_file() + ":" +
               std::to_string(frame.source_line()) + "\n";
       }
  
       throw CustomException(full_msg);
   }
  
   int main() {
       try {
           throw_err("An error occurred!");
       } catch (CustomException const& e) {
           std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
       }
   }
  

• File CMakeLists.txt

   cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.28)
   project(sotest)
   set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS On)
  
   set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 23)
   #set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -g ")
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -ggdb ")
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -O2 ")
   #set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fsanitize=address,undefined")
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall -Wextra -pedantic")
   find_package(Boost CONFIG 1.84.0 COMPONENTS system REQUIRED)
  
   link_libraries(Boost::system)
  
   add_executable(sotest test.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(sotest backtrace)
   target_compile_definitions(sotest PRIVATE BOOST_STACKTRACE_USE_BACKTRACE)
  

• File flake.nix

   {
     description = "A basic flake with a shell";
     inputs.nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable";
     inputs.flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
  
     outputs = {
       nixpkgs,
       flake-utils,
       ...
     }:
       flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system: let
         pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
       in {
         devShells.default = pkgs.stdenvNoCC.mkDerivation {
           name = "stackoverflow shell";
  
           nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
             libbacktrace
             cmake
             gcc13
           ];
  
           env = {
             Boost_DIR = "/home/sehe/custom/boost/stage/lib/cmake";
           };
         };
       });
   }