You can browse using gitweb at https://gcc.gnu.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=gcc.git
From there, goto tree views and navigate to the parts of the AVR backend:
Most convenient is to browse on file, so you would
$ git clone git://gcc.gnu.org/git/gcc.git SomeLocalDir
When you are interested in a specific branch or tag, like branches/releases/gcc-14 or tags/releases/gcc-14.1.0, you can navigate to that ref and browse from there.
What is the relation to LLVM?
I don't understand that question. LLVM is a different compiler (infrastructure) with it's own runtime. It has nothing to do with GCC (claims at least).
What do "they" use for regression testing architecture specific routines;
See Installing GCC: Testing → How to test GCC on a simulator → avr → AVRtest → README: Running the avr-gcc Testsuite using the AVRtest Simulator
is there something I could easily use myself?
Yes it's easy enough to compile AVRtest, for example. Notice that AVRtest is just an AVR core simulator; no peripherals are simulated.
When you prefer avr-gdb, see SimulAVR and AVaRICE.
What is the relation to LLVM?There is no relation to LLVM. What do you mean?can you point me to a current resource?gcc.gnu.org/releases.html shows how to use git and FTP mirrors. However, most commonly I use mirror on github github.com/gcc-mirror/gcc .What do "they" use for regression testing architecture specific routineswhat? see github.com/gcc-mirror/gcc/tree/master/gcc/testsuite readme and gnu.org/software/dejagnu .I could easily use myself?no. Use cmake and ctest. | Please keep one question per question. You ask how to get official source code of GCC, how to test GCC code, if you can use testing fromework from GCC yourself, how to browse the source code, and about some files, mulqi?